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Sleep Disorders (PDQ®)

  • Updated: 11/04/2011

Medications Commonly Used to Promote Sleep

Drug Category  Medication  Hypnotic Dose (route)  Onset (duration of action) 
Benzodiazepinesdiazepam (Valium)5–10 mg (capsule, tablet)30–60 min (6–8 h)
temazepam (Restoril)15–30 mg (capsule)60 min, minimum (6–8 h)
triazolam (Halcion)0.125–0.5 mg (tablet)30 min (peaks 1–1.5 h)
clonazepam (Klonopin)0.5–2.0 mg (tablet)30–60 min (8–12 h)
Tricyclic antidepressantsdoxepin (Sinequan)10–150 mg30 min
amitriptyline (Elavil)10–15 mg30 min
nortriptyline (Pamelor)10–50 mg30 min
Chloral derivativeschloral hydrate0.5–1.0 g (capsule, syrup, suppository)30–60 min (4–8 h)
Second-generation antidepressantstrazodone (Desyrel)25–150 mg30 min
nefazodone (Serzone)50–100 mg30 min
mirtazapine (Remeron)15–60 mg30 min
Antihistaminesdiphenhydramine (Benadryl)25–100 mg (tablet, capsule, syrup)10–30 min (4–6 h)
hydroxyzine (Vistaril, Atarax)10–100 mg (tablet, capsule, syrup)15–30 min (4–6 h)
Neurolepticschlorpromazine (Thorazine)10–50 mg30–60 min
Otherzolpidem tartrate (Ambien)5–20 mg30 min (4–6 h)
zaleplon (Sonata)10–20 mg30 min (4–6 h)