Table 1. The Staging and Treatment of Newly Diagnosed or Recurrent Tumors According to Tumor Type or Subtype
| Tumor Type | Tumor Subtype | Staging and Treatment of Newly Diagnosed and Recurrent Childhood Brain Tumors |
| Astrocytomas and Other Tumors of Glial Origin | ||
| – Low-Grade Astrocytomas | Diffuse fibrillary astrocytoma | See Childhood Astrocytomas Treatment for information on low-grade astrocytomas. |
| Gemistocytic astrocytoma | ||
| Oligoastrocytoma | ||
| Oligodendroglioma | ||
| Pilocytic astrocytoma | ||
| Pilomyxoid astrocytoma | ||
| Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma | ||
| Protoplasmic astrocytoma | ||
| Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma | ||
| – High-Grade Astrocytomas | Anaplastic astrocytoma | See Childhood Astrocytomas Treatment for information on high-grade astrocytomas. |
| Anaplastic oligoastrocytoma | ||
| Anaplastic oligodendroglioma | ||
| Giant cell glioblastoma | ||
| Glioblastoma | ||
| Gliomatosis cerebri | ||
| Gliosarcoma | ||
| Brain Stem Glioma | ||
| Diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas | See Childhood Brain Stem Glioma Treatment. | |
| Focal or low-grade brain stem gliomas | ||
| Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumors | ||
| – Medulloblastoma | Anaplastic | See Childhood Central Nervous System Embryonal Tumors Treatment for information on medulloblastoma, central nervous system primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs), and tumors of the pineal region. |
| Classic | ||
| Desmoplastic/nodular | ||
| Large cell | ||
| Medulloblastoma with extensive nodularity | ||
| – Central Nervous System Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors (PNETs) | Central nervous system ganglioneuroblastoma | |
| Central nervous system neuroblastoma | ||
| Ependymoblastoma | ||
| Medulloepithelioma | ||
| – Tumors of the Pineal Region | Pineal parenchymal tumor of intermediate differentiation | |
| Pineoblastoma | ||
| Pineocytoma | ||
| Papillary tumor of the pineal region | ||
| – Central Nervous System Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor | See Childhood Central Nervous System Atypical Teratoid/Rhabdoid Tumor Treatment. | |
| Central Nervous System Germ Cell Tumors | ||
| – Germinomas | ||
| – Teratomas | Immature teratomas | |
| Mature teratomas | ||
| Teratomas with malignant transformation | ||
| – Non-Germinomatous Germ Cell Tumors | Choriocarcinoma | |
| Embryonal carcinoma | ||
| Mixed germ cell tumors | ||
| Yolk sac tumor | ||
| Craniopharyngioma | See Childhood Craniopharyngioma Treatment. | |
| Ependymoma | See Childhood Ependymoma Treatment. | |
| Tumors of the Choroid Plexus | ||
