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VOLUME 2, ISSUE 8
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Endometrial Cancer
The table below summarizes the available evidence on the risks and benefits of hormone therapy. Included
are all randomized trials and meta-analyses looking at disease incidence or mortality. Inclusion of observational trials was dependent on size:
case-control studies with 500 or more cases of the disease and cohort studies with at least 2,000 women
are included here.
The year noted is when the study results were published. The name following the title of the study is the last
name of the first author on the publication.
E = estrogen; P = progestin
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Year
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Study
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Study Type
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Participants
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Hormones
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Results
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Other Notes
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1989
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Persson
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Cohort
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23,244
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E, E + P
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> 6 years of use of E alone increases
risk 80%; no increased risk associated with E + P
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Average follow-up 5.7 years; same cohort
as Adami, 1989
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1989
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Adami
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Cohort
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23,244
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E
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Increases risk 80%
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Average follow-up 6.7 years; same cohort
as Persson, 1989
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1995
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Grady
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Meta-analysis of cohort and case-control
studies
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30 studies
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E
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Increases risk 130%
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Relative risk for 10 or more years of
use is 9.5
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1996
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Persson
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Cohort
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22,597
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E, E + P
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E alone increased risk 400%; no
increased risk with E + P
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13 years of follow-up
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1997
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Beresford
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Case-control
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832 cases,
1114 controls
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E, E + P
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Ever-use: E alone increases risk 300%; E
+ P with <10 days/month P use increases risk 210%; no increased risk with
short-term use of P 10 or more days/month
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More than 5 years E + P use increased
risk 270% with <10 days/ month P use, 140% with 10 or more days/month P
use
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1998
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Sourander
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Cohort
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7,944
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E
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Increased risk 406%
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8 years of follow-up
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1999
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Weiderpass
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Case-control
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709 cases,
3368 controls
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E, E + P
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5 or more years of use: E alone
increases risk 520% - 560%; E + P increases risk 60% with use of P < 16
days/month; E + P with continuous P use reduces risk 80 %
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2000
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Hill
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Case-control
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969 cases,
1325 controls
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E + P
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No increased risk with continuous
combined hormones
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Most hormone use was short-term (<5
years)
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2000
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Jain
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Case-control
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512 cases,
513 controls
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E, E + P
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> 3 years of use of E alone increased
risk 312%; no overall increased risk with > 3 years of use of E + P
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Stronger association observed with E + P
when analyzed by duration of use: increased risk 21% per 3 years of use
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2000
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Pike
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Case-control
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3,332 cases,
3,164 controls
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E, E + P
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For every 5 years of use: E alone increased
risk 117%; E + P with 7 days/month P increased risk 87%; no increased risk
with 10 or more days P use/month
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