Overview

Benefits
Harms

Note: Separate PDQ summaries on Bladder Cancer Treatment ¹ and Levels of Evidence for Cancer Screening and Prevention Studies ² are also available.

There is inadequate evidence to determine whether screening for bladder and other urothelial cancers has an impact on mortality.

Description of the Evidence

• Study Design: There are no studies that directly address this question.
• Internal Validity: Not applicable (N/A).
• Consistency: N/A.
• Magnitude of Effects on Health Outcomes: N/A.
• External Validity: N/A.

Based on fair evidence, screening for bladder and other urothelial cancers would result in unnecessary diagnostic procedures with attendant morbidity.

Description of the Evidence

• Study Design: Opinions of respected authorities based on clinical experience, descriptive studies, or reports of expert committees.
• Internal Validity: N/A.
• Consistency: N/A.
• Magnitude of Effects on Health Outcomes: Good evidence for rare harms.
• External Validity: N/A.