Table 16. Residual Tumor (R)a
| Carcinoma and Carcinoid | |
| aReprinted with permission from AJCC: Appendix. In: Edge SB, Byrd DR, Compton CC, et al., eds.: AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. 7th ed. New York, NY: Springer, 2010, pp 133-41. | |
| R0 | Complete resection, margins histologically negative; no residual tumor left after resection. |
| R1 | Incomplete resection, margins histologically involved, microscopic tumor remains after resection of gross disease (relevant to resection margins that are microscopically involved by tumor). |
| R2 | Incomplete resection, margins involved or gross disease remains. |
