| Etoposide |
Topoisomerase II inhibitor |
Myelosuppression; alopecia |
Oral; rare leukemia dampens interest |
| Cyclophosphamide and several other bischloroethylamines |
Alkylating agents |
Myelosuppression; alopecia (only the oxazaphosphorines) |
Leukemia and cystitis; uncertain activity after platinums |
| Hexamethylmelamine (Altretamine) |
Unknown but probably alkylating prodrugs |
Emesis and neurotoxicity |
Oral; uncertain activity after platinums |
| Irinotecan |
Topoisomerase I inhibitor |
Diarrhea and other gastrointestinal symptoms |
Cross-resistant to topotecan |
| Oxaliplatin |
Platinum |
Neuropathy, emesis, myelosuppression |
Cross-resistant to usual platinums, but less so |
| Vinorelbine |
Mitotic inhibitor |
Myelosuppression |
Erratic activity |
| Fluorouracil and capecitabine |
Fluoropyrimidine antimetabolites |
Gastrointestinal symptoms and myelosuppression |
Capecitabine is oral; may be useful in mucinous tumors |
| Pemetrexed |
Folic acid antagonist |
Myelosuppression, rash |
Under study in combinations with carboplatin |
| Tamoxifen |
Antiestrogen |
Thromboembolism |
Oral; minimal activity, perhaps more in subsets |
