Changes to This Summary (12/06/2011)

The PDQ cancer information summaries are reviewed regularly and updated as new information becomes available. This section describes the latest changes made to this summary as of the date above.

Intraocular Retinoblastoma Treatment ¹

Added text ² to state that periocular topotecan administered in fibrin sealant has shown activity in patients with recurrent intraocular retinoblastoma (cited Mallipatna et al. as reference 28).

Added text ² to state that direct delivery of chemotherapy into the eye globe via cannulation of the ophthalmic artery is a feasible and effective method for ocular salvage. Melphalan was the chemotherapeutic agent used in the first studies, although other agents such as topotecan and carboplatin are also being tested; ocular salvage rates are greater than 70% when used as primary treatment, although success rates are inferior when used after failure of systemic chemotherapy or radiation (cited Gobin et al. and Peterson et al. as references 29 and 30, respectively).

Added levels of evidence 3iiiDii and 3iiiDiv ³.

Added text ⁴ to state that treatment modality options described above for unilateral disease may be applied to one or both affected eyes in patients with bilateral disease.

Added text ⁵ to state that delivery of chemotherapy via ophthalmic artery cannulation also has been shown to be feasible and effective in patients with bilateral disease (added level of evidence 3iiDii).

Added text ⁶ to state that patients with Group V disease (usually enucleated) without high-risk features such as metastatic disease or anterior chamber disease were enrolled on the study; the ophthalmic artery was safely cannulated and 27 of 28 eyes avoided enucleation.

Added text ⁷ to state that delivery of chemotherapy via ophthalmic artery cannulation is being evaluated as an initial treatment for advanced unilateral and bilateral disease.