Axitinib in Treating Patients with Neurofibromatosis Type 2 or Progressive Vestibular Schwannomas

Inclusion Criteria

• Meets clinical diagnostic criteria for NF2 or genetically conformed NF2
• At least one volumetrically measurable and >= 1 cc NF2-related VS (histological confirmation not required)
• MRI evidence of progression (either as > 2 mm increase in maximum linear diameter on conventional MRI, or a > 20% volume increase by 3-dimensional [3D] volumetrics) over the past =< 18 months OR progressive hearing loss, defined as a decline in word recognition score below the 95% critical difference interval from baseline score related to VS (i.e., not due to prior interventions such as surgery or radiation)
• Karnofsky (> 16 years of age) or Lansky (=< 16 years of age) performance status (PS) 60–100%; Note: patients who are unable to walk because of paralysis, but who are up in a wheelchair, will be considered ambulatory for the purpose of assessing the performance score
• Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1.5 x 10^9/L
• Platelets >= 100 x 10^9/L
• Hemoglobin (Hb) > 9 g/dL
• Serum bilirubin =< 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN)
• Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) =< 2.5 x ULN
• International normalized ratio (INR) =< 1.5; (anticoagulation with low molecular weight heparin is allowed if on a stable dose for > 2 weeks at time of enrollment)
• Serum creatinine =< 1.5 x ULN
• Fully recovered from acute toxic effects of any prior chemotherapy, biological modifiers or radiotherapy
• Any neurologic deficits must be stable for >= 1 week
• Able to swallow tablets
• Able to provide signed informed consent (or consent provided by legal guardian for pediatric patients, as applicable)

Exclusion Criteria

• Patients currently receiving medical anticancer therapies or who have received medical anticancer therapies within 4 weeks of the start of study drug (including chemotherapy, antibody based therapy, etc.)
• Radiation therapy to a study target tumor within 1 year prior to enrollment, or any radiation therapy within 4 weeks prior to enrollment
• Patients who have had a major surgery or significant traumatic injury within 4 weeks of start of study drug, patients who have not recovered from the side effects of any major surgery (defined as requiring general anesthesia) or patients that may require major surgery during the course of the study
• Prior treatment with bevacizumab or other agents targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or VEGF receptor (VEGFR)
• Prior treatment with any investigational drug within the preceding 4 weeks
• Unstable or rapidly progressive disease, including patients who require glucocorticoids for symptomatic control of brain or spinal tumors
• Treatment with strong cytochrome P450 family 3, subfamily A, polypeptide 4 (CYP3A4) enzyme inhibitors or inducers, including but not limited to ketoconazole, itraconazole, ritonavir, phenytoin, carbamazepine, rifampin, rifabutin, phenobarbital and St. John’s wort
• Requirement of therapeutic anticoagulant therapy with oral vitamin K antagonists; low-dose anticoagulants for maintenance of patency of central venous access devise or prevention of deep venous thrombosis is allowed; therapeutic use of low molecular weight heparin (or similar parenteral drug) for venous-thromboembolic disease is allowed
• Other malignancies within the past 3 years except for adequately treated carcinoma of the cervix or basal or squamous cell carcinomas of the skin
• Patients who have any severe and/or uncontrolled medical conditions or other conditions that could affect their participation in the study such as: * Symptomatic congestive heart failure of New York Heart Association class III or IV * Unstable angina pectoris, symptomatic congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction within 6 months of start of study drug, serious uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmia or any other clinically significant cardiac disease * Severely impaired lung function as defined as spirometry and diffusion capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO) that is 50% of the normal predicted value and/or oxygen (O2) saturation that is 90% or less at rest on room air * Active (acute or chronic) or uncontrolled severe infections * Liver disease such as cirrhosis or severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh class C)
• Impairment of gastrointestinal function or gastrointestinal disease that may significantly alter the absorption of axitinib (e.g., ulcerative disease, uncontrolled nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, malabsorption syndrome or small bowel resection)
• Patients with an active bleeding diathesis
• Female patients who are pregnant or breast feeding, or adults of reproductive potential who are not using effective birth control methods; adequate contraception must be used throughout the trial and for 8 weeks after the last dose of study drug, by both sexes; (females of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test within 7 days prior to administration of axitinib)
• Male patient whose sexual partner(s) are women of child bearing potential, who are not willing to use adequate contraception, during the study and for 8 weeks after the end of treatment
• History of noncompliance to medical regimens
• Patients unwilling to or unable to comply with the protocol