Panobinostat, Bortezomib, and Vincristine Sulfate Liposome with Re-induction Therapy in Treating Younger Patients with Relapsed or Refractory T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia or Lymphoma

Inclusion Criteria

• Participants must have relapsed or refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia or lymphoma: * Stratum I: T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia or lymphoma in first relapse or refractory to one or two courses of frontline induction therapy * Stratum II: B-cell or T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia or lymphoma in second or third relapse or refractory to 2 or 3 induction or re-induction attempts; patients with Philadelphia chromosome positive (Ph+) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) must be refractory or relapsed after treatment with a regimen that included a tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)
• Relapse in ALL is defined as the reappearance (in a patient who has previously achieved remission) of leukemic blasts in the bone marrow * Should flow cytometric analyses suggest relapse (by the reappearance of a similar immunophenotype to the original leukemia) in the presence of < 5% blasts morphologically, a repeat bone marrow test is recommended to confirm relapse * Molecular or genetic relapse is characterized by the reappearance of a cytogenetic or molecular abnormality
• Able to swallow capsules
• Karnofsky or Lansky performance score is >= 60%; the Lansky performance score should be used for participants < 16 years and the Karnofsky performance score for participants >= 16 years
• Prior therapy: * There is no waiting period for participants who relapse while receiving therapy if they are free from side effects attributable to such therapy * Emergent radiation therapy, one dose of intrathecal chemotherapy and up to 7 days of steroids or hydroxyurea are permitted before start of treatment in participants who relapse after completion of frontline therapy; other circumstances must be cleared by principal investigator (PI) or medical designee * At least 90 days have elapsed since bone marrow transplant and participant is off immune suppression for >= 2 weeks, if applicable
• Glomerular filtration rate >= 60 cc/min/1.73 m^2 or serum creatinine based on age as follows: * 1 to 2 years: 0.6 mg/dL for males and females * 2 to 6 years: 0.8 mg/dL for males and females * 6 to 10 years: 1 mg/dL for males and females * 10 to < 13 years: 1.2 mg/dL for males and females * 13 to 16 years: 1.5 mg/dL for males and 1.4 mg/dL for females * > 16 years: 1.7 mg/dL for males and 1.4 mg/dL for females
• Direct bilirubin =< 1.4 mg/dL (if total bilirubin > 1.4 mg/dL)
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) =< 5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) for age
• Adequate cardiac function defined as shortening fraction of >= 27% or ejection fraction >= 45%
• Lymphoma participants without bone marrow involvement must have absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1,000/mm^3; Note: these criteria are waived for participants with leukemia or lymphoma participants with bone marrow involvement
• Lymphoma participants without bone marrow involvement must have platelet count >= 50,000/mm^3 (without transfusion support); Note: these criteria are waived for participants with leukemia or lymphoma participants with bone marrow involvement
• Written, informed consent and assent following Institutional Review Board, National Cancer Institute (NCI), Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Office for Human Research Protections (OHRP) guidelines

Exclusion Criteria

• Prior HDAC, deacetylase (DAC), heat shock protein (HSP)90 inhibitors or valproic acid for treatment of cancer
• Patients who will need valproic acid for any medical condition during the study or within 5 days prior to first panobinostat treatment
• Impaired cardiac function or clinically significant cardiac diseases, history of arrhythmia (including ventricular fibrillation or torsade de pointes), bradycardia < 50 beats per minute (bpm), screening electrocardiogram (ECG) with prolonged corrected QT (QTc) or uncontrolled hypertension
• Impairment of gastrointestinal (GI) function or GI disease that may significantly alter the absorption of panobinostat
• Patients with diarrhea > Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) grade 2
• Other concurrent severe and/or uncontrolled medical conditions (e.g., uncontrolled diabetes or active or uncontrolled infection) including abnormal laboratory values, that could cause unacceptable safety risks or compromise compliance with the protocol
• Patients using medications that have a relative risk of prolonging the QT interval or inducing torsade de pointes if treatment cannot be discontinued or switched to a different medication prior to starting treatment
• Patients who have received targeted agents within 2 weeks or within 5 half-lives of the agent and active metabolites (whichever is longer) and who have not recovered from side effects of those therapies
• Patients who have undergone major surgery =< 4 weeks prior to starting treatment or who have not recovered from side effects of such therapy
• Patients with known positivity for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or hepatitis B/C
• Inability to swallow capsules
• Active, uncontrolled infection or severe concurrent medical disease, including but not limited to congestive heart failure, cardiac arrhythmias, or psychiatric illness
• Isolated extramedullary relapse (leukemia) or isolated CNS lymphoma
• Pregnant or lactating (female participant of childbearing potential must have negative serum or urine pregnancy test required within 7 days prior to start of treatment); male or female of reproductive potential has agreed to use effective contraception method for duration of study treatment
• Down syndrome
• Inability or unwillingness or research participant or legal guardian/representative to give written informed consent