Lenalidomide as Maintenance Therapy in Treating Patients with Plasma Cell Myeloma after Initial Treatment

Inclusion Criteria

• Patients with plasma cell myeloma treated with induction therapy or re-induction therapy, who at the time of study enrollment have documented evidence of stable disease response or better according to International Myeloma Workshop Consensus Panel
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status =< 2
• Absolute neutrophil count >= 1.0 K/uL (growth factor support is permissible)
• Platelets >= 75 K/uL (transfusions are permissible)
• Hemoglobin >= 8 g/dL (transfusions are permissible)
• Creatinine clearance (CrCl) of greater than or equal to 40 mL/min. using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) formula; if the CrCl based on the CKD-EPI formula is < 40 mL/min, the patient will have a 24 hour (hr) urine collection to measure CrCl; the measured CrCl must also be >= 40 ml/min
• Total bilirubin =< 2 mg/dL
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT]) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase [SGPT]) =< 3 x upper limit of normal (ULN)
• All study participants must be registered into the mandatory Revlimid Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) program, and be willing and able to comply with the requirements of the REMS program
• Females of childbearing potential* must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test with a sensitivity of at least 50 mIU/mL within 10 - 14 days and again within 24 hours prior to prescribing lenalidomide for cycle 1 (prescriptions must be filled within 7 days as required by Revlimid REMS) and must either commit to continued abstinence from heterosexual intercourse or begin TWO acceptable methods of birth control, one highly effective method and one additional effective method AT THE SAME TIME, at least 28 days before she starts taking lenalidomide * A female of childbearing potential is a sexually mature female who: 1) has not undergone a hysterectomy (the surgical removal of the uterus) or bilateral oophorectomy (the surgical removal of both ovaries) or 2) has not been naturally postmenopausal (amenorrhea following cancer therapy does not rule out childbearing potential) for at least 24 consecutive months (i.e., has had menses at any time during the preceding 24 consecutive months)
• Females of childbearing potential must adhere to the scheduled pregnancy testing as required in the Revlimid REMS program
• Men must agree to use a latex condom during sexual contact with a female of childbearing potential even if they have had a successful vasectomy
• Patients must be able to take daily prophylactic anticoagulation medication, such as: aspirin (81 or 325 mg) warfarin, low molecular weight heparin, or other medications as clinically indicated
• Patient must understand and voluntarily sign an informed consent form, with the understanding that the patient may withdraw consent at any time without prejudice to future medical care

Exclusion Criteria

• Patients with progressive or refractory plasma cell myeloma, as defined by International Myeloma Workshop Consensus Panel criteria
• Refractory to lenalidomide in the most recent line of therapy, as defined by the International Myeloma Consensus Panel criteria as failure to achieve minimal response or development of progressive disease while on lenalidomide or within 30 days of lenalidomide therapy
• Patients who are receiving any other investigational agents with the intent to treat myeloma; permitted concurrent therapies include: * Bisphosphonates
• Plasma cell leukemia
• Pregnant or breastfeeding females; because there is a potential risk for adverse events to nursing infants secondary to treatment of the mother with lenalidomide, lactating females must agree not to breast feed while taking lenalidomide
• Uncontrolled hypertension or diabetes
• Active hepatitis B or C infection
• Diagnosed or treated for another malignancy within 3 years prior to study enrollment, with the exception of complete resection of non-melanoma skin cancer, or an in situ malignancy
• Previous diagnosis of another malignancy with any evidence of residual disease
• Patients seropositive for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and/or those who are taking anti-retroviral treatment for HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
• Prior organ transplant requiring immunosuppressive therapy
• Prior allogeneic stem cell transplant
• Patients requiring continuous, systemic immunosuppressive therapy
• Patients with myocardial infarction within 6 months prior to enrollment, New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV heart failure, uncontrolled angina, severe uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmias, or electrocardiographic evidence of acute ischemia
• Patients with conditions that would prevent absorption of the study drug
• Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including but not limited to uncontrolled infection or psychiatric illness/social situations that would compromise compliance with study requirements
• Significant neuropathy >= grade 3 at baseline
• Contraindication to concomitant anticoagulation prophylaxis
• Major surgery within 1 month prior to enrollment
• Patients who were previously exposed and who developed severe adverse events, hypersensitivity or desquamating rash to either thalidomide or lenalidomide