Hypofractionated Radiation Therapy, Durvalumab, and Tremelimumab in Treating Patients with Metastatic Relapsed or Refractory Melanoma, Non-small Cell Lung Cancer, Breast Cancer, or Pancreatic Cancer
This phase I trial studies the side effects of hypofractionated radiation therapy, durvalumab, and tremelimumab when given together in treating patients with melanoma, lung, breast, or pancreatic cancers that have spread to other places in the body (metastatic) and have returned (come back) after a period of improvement (relapsed) or does not respond to treatment (refractory). Hypofractionated radiation therapy delivers higher doses of radiation therapy over a shorter period of time and may kill more tumor cells and may have fewer side effects than standard radiation therapy. Monoclonal antibodies, such as durvalumab and tremelimumab, may block tumor growth in different ways by targeting certain cells. Giving hypofractionated radiation therapy together with durvalumab and tremelimumab may kill more tumor cells.
Inclusion Criteria
- Patients with histologically confirmed metastatic melanoma, metastatic non-small cell lung cancer, metastatic breast cancer, or metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma relapsed or refractory to therapy as outlined below or patients with these malignancies who have declined, are or have become unable to tolerate (e.g. progressive chemotherapy-associated peripheral neuropathy), or were not eligible for standard therapy * Metastatic melanoma patients at any line of therapy * Metastatic non-small cell lung cancer patients who have relapsed or are refractory to at least one line of systemic anti-cancer therapy for metastatic disease, including cytotoxic chemotherapy or targeted therapy * Metastatic breast cancer patients who have relapsed or are refractory to at least one line of systemic anti-cancer therapy for metastatic disease, such as cytotoxic chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, or targeted therapy * Metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma who have relapsed or are refractory to at least one line of systemic anti-cancer therapy for metastatic disease, such as cytotoxic chemotherapy or targeted therapy
- At least two measurable lesions (including the index lesion) according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) guidelines version (v)1.1
- An index lesion measuring between 1cm – 7cm that is amenable to hypofractionated radiation therapy at the discretion of the treating radiation oncologist * Index lesions in the pancreas are excluded in the second cohort
- Signed, written informed consent
- Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-1
- White blood cell >= 2,500 cells/ul without growth factor support
- Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1,500 cells/ul without growth factor support
- Hemoglobin >= 9 g/dL
- Platelet count >= 100,000 platelets/ul
- Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) =< 2.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN); for subjects with liver metastasis, ALT and AST =< 5 x ULN
- Total bilirubin =< 1.5 x ULN except in patients with documented Gilbert’s syndrome or liver metastasis, who must have a baseline total bilirubin =< 3.0 mg/dl
- Serum creatinine =< 2.0 mg/dL
- Full recovery from the acute effects of prior cancer treatments, defined as effects having resolved to National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v4.03 grade 0 or 1 with the exception of alopecia and certain laboratory values as listed above; subjects with irreversible toxicity that is not reasonably expected to be exacerbated by MEDI4736 and tremelimumab may be included (eg, hearing loss, neuropathy) upon approval of the principal investigator (PI)
- For patients with central nervous system (CNS) metastases, metastases must be asymptomatic at the time of day 1 of the study and meet the following criteria: * At least 28 days without progression of CNS metastases as evidenced by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) after last day of treatment with radiation to the CNS metastases * At least 14 days since last dose of corticosteroids * Must not have leptomeningeal disease or cord compression
- Females of childbearing potential who are sexually active with a non-sterilized male partner must use highly effective method of contraception from the time of screening, and must agree to continue using such precautions for 180 days after the final dose of MEDI4736 and tremelimumab; cessation of contraception after this point should be discussed with a responsible physician; periodic abstinence, the rhythm method, and the withdrawal method are not acceptable methods of contraception; they must also refrain from egg cell donation for 180 days after the final dose of MEDI4736 and tremelimumab * Females of childbearing potential are defined as those who are not surgically sterile (ie, bilateral tubal ligation, bilateral oophorectomy, or complete hysterectomy) or those who are not post-menopausal (defined as 12 months with no menses with postmenopausal gonadotropin levels, luteinizing hormone [LH] and follicle-stimulating [FSH], or postmenopausal estradiol levels within the postmenopausal range according to local guidelines without an alternative medical cause) * A highly effective method of contraception is defined as one that results in a low failure rate (i.e., less than 1% per year) when used consistently and correctly; the acceptable methods of contraception include barrier methods (male condom plus spermicide, Copper T intrauterine device, levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system) or hormonal methods (implants, hormone shot or injection, combined pill, minipill, patch)
- Non-sterilized males who are sexually active with a female partner of childbearing potential must use a highly effective method of contraception (as outlined above) from day 1 through 90 days after receipt of the final dose of MEDI4736 and tremelimumab; in addition, they must refrain from sperm donation for 90 days after the final dose of investigational product
Exclusion Criteria
- Concurrent enrollment in another clinical study, unless in a follow-up period or the study is an observational or non-interventional study
- Prior treatment with anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen 4 (CTLA4), anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), or anti-programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) (approved or investigational agent)
- Concurrent treatment with any anticancer agent, including chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or biologic therapy; in breast cancer patients, concurrent use of hormonal therapy (but not trastuzumab) is acceptable provided hormonal therapy was initiated more than 30 days prior to treatment on this study
- Treatment with any other investigational agent within 3 weeks prior to the first dose of MEDI4736 and tremelimumab
- Major surgical procedure (as defined by the investigator) within 28 days prior to the first dose of MEDI4736 and tremelimumab or still recovering from prior surgery
- Current or prior use of immunosuppressive medication within 14 days before the first dose of MEDI4736 and tremelimumab with the exceptions of intranasal and inhaled corticosteroids, systemic corticosteroids at physiologic doses not to exceed 10 mg/day of prednisone or equivalent, or steroids used transiently to control contrast agent allergies for radiographic studies
- Active or prior documented autoimmune disease (including inflammatory bowel disease, diverticulitis with the exception of diverticulosis, celiac disease, irritable bowel disease, Wegner syndrome, Hashimoto syndrome) within the past 3 years; subjects with vitiligo, alopecia, Grave’s disease, or psoriasis not requiring systemic treatment (within the past 3 years) are not excluded; patients with hypothyroidism stable on thyroid replacement therapy for the previous 3 months are not excluded
- History of primary immunodeficiency or tuberculosis
- History of sensitivity or allergy to monoclonal antibodies or immunoglobulin G
- Known true positive results for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or known active hepatitis B (e.g. hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] reactive) or hepatitis C (e.g. hepatitis C virus [HCV] ribonucleic acid [RNA] [qualitative] is detected
- Receipt of a live, attenuated vaccine within 28 days prior to the first dose of MEDI4736 and tremelimumab (NOTE: subjects, if enrolled, should not receive live vaccine during the study or for 180 days after the last dose of both drugs)
- Clinical contraindication to stereotactic body radiotherapy as determined by the investigator (e.g., active systemic sclerosis, active inflammatory bowel disease if bowel is within radiation field)
- Prior radiotherapy that precludes the proposed treatment with hypofractionated radiotherapy
- Females who are pregnant, lactating, or intend to become pregnant during the participation of the study
- Uncontrolled inter-current illness, including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, current pneumonitis, symptomatic congestive heart failure, uncontrolled hypertension, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, interstitial lung disease, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirement or compromise the ability of the subject to give written informed consent
- Other active invasive malignancy. History of non-invasive malignancies such as cervical carcinoma in situ, non-melanomatous carcinoma of the skin, or ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast is allowed, as is history of other invasive malignancy that is in remission after treatment with curative intent
- Any condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would interfere with evaluation of the investigational product or interpretation of subject safety or study results
Study sponsor and potential other locations can be found on ClinicalTrials.gov for NCT02639026.
PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:
I. Determine the safety and feasibility of hypofractionated radiotherapy (on two schedules) to a solitary metastatic lesion in combination with MEDI4376 (durvalumab) and tremelimumab in patients with metastatic melanoma, breast cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and pancreatic cancer.
SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:
I. Determine the clinical and metabolic response for both the irradiated lesion and the non-irradiated lesions in response to hypofractionated radiation given with MEDI4376 and tremelimumab, assessed separately for the irradiated index lesion and the non-irradiated lesions.
II. Determine the immune pharmacodynamics in patients in response to hypofractionated radiation given in combination with MEDI4376 and tremelimumab, examining both blood and, when available, tumor tissue.
III. Estimate progression free survival and overall survival.
OUTLINE: Patients are assigned to 1 of 2 treatment cohorts.
COHORT I: Patients receive tremelimumab intravenously (IV) over 1 hour and durvalumab IV over 1 hour on day 1. Treatment repeats every 4 weeks for 4 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo hypofractionated radiotherapy (HRT) in 3 fractions on days 8, 10, and 12.
Beginning on week 17, patients receive durvalumab IV over 1 hour on day 1. Treatment repeats every 2 weeks for 18 courses in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity.
COHORT II: Patients receive tremelimumab and durvalumab as in cohort I. Patients also undergo a single fraction of HRT on day 8.
After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at day 28.
Trial PhasePhase I
Trial Typetreatment
Lead OrganizationUniversity of Pennsylvania/Abramson Cancer Center
Principal InvestigatorMark H. O'Hara
- Primary IDUPCC 23915
- Secondary IDsNCI-2015-02268, 823532
- ClinicalTrials.gov IDNCT02639026