Dermoscopic Patterns Analysis in Stratifying Skin Melanoma Risk in Patients with a High-Risk Nevus Phenotype

Inclusion Criteria

• Patients ≥ 18 years of age
• High-risk nevus phenotype (>= 50 nevi [>= 2 mm in size] and >= 1 atypical nevus)
• First presented to Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) for cutaneous melanoma-related care on or after April 2016
• Cases: diagnoses of unequivocal invasive cutaneous melanomas (American Joint Committee on Cancer [AJCC] stages I-IV) confirmed by MSKCC pathology on or after April 2016
• Cases: completion of surgical treatment of primary melanoma
• Ability to sign or verbally consent to the informed consent

Exclusion Criteria

• Controls: Histopathologically borderline melanocytic tumors for which melanoma could not be excluded or that were treated as possible melanomas
• Known germline high-penetrance melanoma predisposition mutation (that is, CDKN2A, CDK4, and BAP1)
• Cases: history of invasive cutaneous melanoma (AJCC stages I-IV) not confirmed by MSKCC pathology
• History of acrolentiginous type of cutaneous melanoma or history of mucosal melanoma
• Cases and controls: Prior administration of systemic medications known to modify nevus phenotype, including but not limited to: MEK inhibitors (trametinib, cobimetinib, etc.), BRAF inhibitors (vemurafenib, dabrafenib, etc.), and immunotherapy (pembrolizumab, nivolumab, atezolizumab, ipilimumab, etc.)
• Controls: history of stage 0-IV melanoma confirmed by MSKCC pathology
• History of limb amputation or other condition (e.g., tattoos, burns) per investigator discretion that would modify nevus phenotype
• Physical inability to undergo total body photography or reflectance confocal microscopy imaging (that is, remain relatively still for durations of 3-5 minutes)
• Known hypersensitivity to adhesive rings used for reflectance confocal microscopy
• Inability to give informed consent
• Have skin afflicted with anther skin condition (for example, psoriasis) that would affect ability to characterize nevus phenotype (per investigator discretion)
• Familial cutaneous melanoma history (families with at least one invasive melanoma and two or more other diagnoses of invasive melanoma or pancreatic cancer among first- or second-degree relatives on the same side of the family); we will confirm melanoma family history via medical record documentation, whenever possible, as recommended by previous studies that disproved about half of the reported family histories of melanoma among first-degree relatives in case-control studies
• Age 70 or above