This phase II trial studies the effect of immunotherapy drugs (ipilimumab and nivolumab) in treating patients with glioma that has come back (recurrent) and carries a high number of mutations (mutational burden). Cancer is caused by changes (mutations) to genes that control the way cells function. Tumors with high number of mutations may respond well to immunotherapy. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies such as ipilimumab and nivolumab may help the body’s immune system attack the cancer and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Giving ipilimumab and nivolumab may lower the chance of recurrent glioblastoma with high number of mutations from growing or spreading compared to usual care (surgery or chemotherapy).
Study sponsor and potential other locations can be found on ClinicalTrials.gov for NCT04145115.
PRIMARY OBJECTIVE:
I. To determine whether the combination of ipilimumab and nivolumab increases the tumor response rate assessed by modified Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) Criteria in patients with hypermutated recurrent glioblastoma.
SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:
I. Estimate the overall survival distribution, median survival, and one-year survival rate of patients with hypermutated, recurrent glioblastoma who are treated with ipilimumab and nivolumab.
II. Estimate the progression-free survival distribution and median progression-free survival of patients with hypermutated, recurrent glioblastoma who are treated with ipilimumab and nivolumab.
III. Determine the adverse event profile of patients with hypermutated, recurrent glioblastoma who are treated with ipilimumab and nivolumab.
EXPLORATORY OBJECTIVES:
I. Test whether PD-L1 or immunologic infiltrate in the tumor microenvironment are associated with objective tumor response, overall survival, progression-free survival, tumor mutational burden, or rates of grade 3 or higher adverse events.
II. Test whether MGMT status, microsatellite instability (MSI) status, mutational signatures, or amount of tumor mutational burden (TMB) including germline analysis are associated with objective tumor response, overall survival, progression-free survival, or rates of grade 3 or higher adverse events.
III. Evaluate associations between exome and transcriptome gene levels with objective tumor response, overall survival, progression-free survival, rates of grade 3 or higher adverse events.
IV. Evaluate associations between the gut microbiome and objective tumor response.
V. Response rate using immunotherapy (i)RANO.
OUTLINE:
Patients receive nivolumab intravenously (IV) over 30 minutes and ipilimumab IV over 30 minutes on day 1. Treatment repeats every 3 weeks for 4 cycles in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients then receive nivolumab IV over 30 minutes on day 1. Cycles repeat every 4 weeks in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients also undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) throughout the study.
After completion of study treatment, patients without disease progression are followed every 8 weeks until disease progression, then every 3 months for up to 3 years. Patients with disease progression after completion of study treatment are followed every 3 months for up to 3 years.
Lead OrganizationAlliance for Clinical Trials in Oncology
Principal InvestigatorGavin Peter Dunn
