A Multi-dimensional Atlas of Lung Premalignancy, the Lung Pre-Cancer Atlas (PCA) Project Study

Inclusion Criteria

• Provision of signed and dated informed consent form
• Stated willingness to comply with all study procedures and availability for the duration of the study
• PRE-SCREENING: A current or ex-smoker with a >= 20 pack-year history of smoking
• PRE-SCREENING: History of non-small cell lung cancer (stage I, II, or IIIA) with >= 10 pack-year history of smoking and no evidence of active disease at least 1 year after definitive treatment
• PRE-SCREENING: History of head and neck cancer (stage I, II, III, or IVA) with >= 10 pack-year history of smoking and no evidence of active disease at least 1 year after definitive treatment
• MAIN STUDY GROUP: Participants must be able and willing to undergo a total of at least three bronchoscopies
• MAIN STUDY GROUP: Prior results from bronchoscopic analyses (via previous results or from pre-screening cohort bronchoscopies) must meet either of the following criteria to qualify patients as potential main study group enrollees: * Pre-existing bronchoscopic documentation of persistence of or progression to high grade dysplasia at two or more airway sites. * Endobronchial dysplasia (squamous metaplasia/mild dysplasia, score >= 3) at >= 3 airway sites. * High grade bronchial dysplasia (moderate dysplasia or worse, score >= 5) involving at least one airway site

Exclusion Criteria

• Clinically apparent bleeding diathesis
• Cardiac dysrhythmia that is potentially life threatening, such as ventricular tachycardia, multifocal premature ventricular contractions or supraventricular tachycardias with a rapid ventricular response. Well-controlled atrial fibrillation or rare (< 2/minute) premature ventricular contractions are not exclusionary
• Hypoxemia (less than 90% saturation with supplemental oxygen) prior to bronchoscopy
• Evidence of clinically active coronary artery disease, including myocardial infarction within 6 weeks, anginal chest pain, or poorly controlled congestive heart failure, or any other serious medical condition which would preclude a patient from undergoing a bronchoscopy
• Acute bronchitis or pneumonia within 8 weeks, except if these are considered clinically to be possibly a result of lung cancer
• Inability to give informed consent