Enfortumab Vedotin for the Treatment of Locally Advanced, Unresectable, or Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer, ENCORE Study

Inclusion Criteria

• Male subject aged >= 18 years
• Histologically or cytologically confirmed adenocarcinoma of the prostate without small cell histology
• Diagnosis of metastatic or locally advanced, inoperable disease that cannot be treated with definitive intent
• Castrate levels of testosterone as defined as < 50 ng/dL (1.73 nmol/L)
• Prior treatment with at least three or more cycles of taxane therapy (docetaxel or cabazitaxel) * Note: Docetaxel in the newly diagnosed metastatic setting and docetaxel re-challenge allowed
• Prior treatment with at least one prior novel hormone therapy (NHT), defined as second-generation antiandrogen therapies that include but are not limited to abiraterone acetate, enzalutamide, apalutamide, and darolutamide
• Subject has received or refused therapies which have shown to improve overall survival and are recommended per National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines prior to enrollment in trial. Such agents include but are not limited to docetaxel, cabazitaxel, sipuleucel-T, olaparib, rucaparib, radium-223 and lutetium (177Lu) vipivotide tetraxetan depending on patient eligibility
• Had disease progression on or after NHT prior to enrolling in the study
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0 or 1
• White blood cell count (WBC) >= 2000/mm^3
• Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1500/mm^3
• Platelet count >= 100,000/mm^3
• Hemoglobin >= 9 g/dL
• Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) < 8%
• Total Bilirubin =< 1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal (ULN) unless there is a known history of Gilbert’s syndrome
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT])/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase [SGPT]) =< 5 x institutional ULN
• Estimated creatinine clearance >= 30 mL/min by Cockcroft-Gault formula
• Highly effective contraception throughout the study and for four months after last dose
• Discontinued all previous treatments for cancer (except androgen-deprivation therapy and bone loss prevention treatment) >= 28 days prior to starting study therapy
• Recovery to baseline or =< grade 1 Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) version (v) 5.0 from toxicities related to any prior treatments, unless AE(s) are clinically non-significant and/or stable on supportive therapy as determined by the treating physician
• Able to provide informed consent and willing to sign an approved consent form that conforms to federal and institutional guidelines

Exclusion Criteria

• Prior or concurrent malignancy (other than adenocarcinoma of the prostate) * Note: Patients with prior or concurrent malignancy whose natural history or treatment does not have the potential to interfere with the safety or efficacy assessment of the investigational regimen are eligible for this trial as approved by the principal investigator
• The subject has an uncontrolled, significant intercurrent or recent illness that would preclude safe study participation
• Clinically significant cardiovascular disease: myocardial infarction (< 6 months prior to enrollment), unstable angina, congestive heart failure (> New York Heart Association classification class IIB) or a serious cardiac arrhythmia requiring medication
• Known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection with a detectable viral load at the time of screening * Note: Patients on effective antiretroviral therapy with an undetectable viral load at the time of screening are eligible for this trial
• Known chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) or hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with a detectable viral load * Note: Patients with an undetectable HBV viral load are eligible. Patients with an undetectable HCV viral load are eligible
• Live attenuated vaccinations within =< 4 weeks of the first study therapy and while on trial is prohibited unless the investigator determines the vaccine is necessary to maintain the health of the patient
• Known prior severe hypersensitivity to investigational product or any component in its formulations, including known severe hypersensitivity reactions to monoclonal antibodies (National Cancer Institute [NCI] CTCAE v5.0 grade >= 3)
• Subjects taking prohibited medications. A washout period of prohibited medications for a period of at least 5 half-lives or as clinically indicated should occur prior to the start of treatment