CART-EGFR-IL13Ra2 cells for the Treatment of IDH Wild-Type, EGFR-Amplified Recurrent Glioblastoma
This phase I trial tests the safety, side effects, and best dose of chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CART)-EGFR-IL13Ra2 cells in treating patients with IDH wild-type, EGFR amplified glioblastoma that has come back (after a period of improvement) (recurrent). Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults. Despite an aggressive standard of care approach, including resection, radiation, and chemotherapy, there remains close to a 100% recurrence rate, and the disease is nearly uniformly fatal. Because of this, there remains a compelling need for new therapies for glioblastoma. Immunotherapy treatments for glioblastoma are starting to be explored. Currently, there are several immunotherapy approaches, including checkpoint inhibitors, vaccines, CAR T cell therapy, and viral therapy. CAR T-cell therapy is a type of treatment in which a patient's T cells (a type of immune system cell) are changed in the laboratory so they will attack tumor cells. T cells are taken from a patient’s blood. Then the gene for a special receptor that binds to a certain protein on the patient’s tumor cells is added to the T cells in the laboratory. The special receptor is called a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR). Large numbers of the CAR T cells are grown in the laboratory and given to the patient by infusion for treatment of certain cancers. CART-EGFR-IL13Ra2 cells are designed to identify and target two different proteins (also known as antigens) that are often present in glioblastoma brain tumors. By targeting these antigens on the tumor cells, CART-EGFR-IL13Ra2 cells may help to control the cancer. CART-EGFR-IL13Ra2 may be a safe and effective way to treat patients with recurrent glioblastoma.