Personalized Neck Radiation Therapy Directed by Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsies for the Treatment of Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma, PRECEDENT Trial

Inclusion Criteria

• Patient must have biopsy-proven squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity
• Clinical stage cT1-4a N0-2b M0 within 42 days of study enrollment based on the following work-up: * History and physical examination within 42 days of study enrollment; must include documentation of lateralized primary tumor site * Cross-sectional imaging of the head and neck within 42 days of study enrollment * Cross-sectional imaging of the chest within 42 days of study enrollment
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Status 0-2 within 42 days of study enrollment
• Age > 18
• Recommended treatment plan is surgical resection with ipsilateral neck dissection and SPECT-CT-guided sentinel node biopsy. Flap reconstruction is allowed
• Patient is willing and able to provide informed consent. Patient provides study-specific informed consent prior to study entry
• Women of childbearing potential and male participants must agree to use medically effect means of birth control throughout their participation in the treatment phase of the study
• Patient must be able to read and understand English as the mandatory patient-reported tool Neck Dissection Impairment Index (NDII) is only available in English

Exclusion Criteria

• Evidence of distant metastatic disease based on clinical or radiologic evaluation
• Evidence of contralateral neck disease on staging imaging
• Prior non-head and neck invasive malignancy (except non-melanomatous skin cancer, including effectively treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer, or carcinoma in situ of the breast or cervix) unless disease free for ≥ 2 years
• Diagnosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the oropharynx, nasopharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx
• Prior systemic chemotherapy for the study cancer; note that prior chemotherapy for a different cancer is allowed. Prior immunotherapy for the study cancer is allowed
• Prior radiotherapy to the region of the study cancer that would result in overlap of radiation therapy fields
• Patient with severe, active co-morbidity that would preclude an elective or completion neck dissection
• Pregnant and breast-feeding patients
• Excisional biopsy for study cancer
• Prior surgery involving the lateral neck, including neck dissection or gross injury to the neck that would preclude surgical dissection for this trial. Prior thyroid and central neck surgery is permissible; incisional biopsy is permitted
• Underlying or documented history of hematologic malignancy (e.g., chronic lymphocytic leukemia [CLL]) or other active disease capable of causing lymphadenopathy (sarcoidosis or untreated mycobacterial infection)
• Actively receiving systemic cytotoxic chemotherapy, immunosuppressive, anti-monocyte or immunomodulatory therapy
• Currently participating in another investigational therapeutic trial