Gemcitabine and Carboplatin for the Treatment of Locally Advanced or Metastatic, Progressive Urothelial Carcinoma

Inclusion Criteria

• Patients must have metastatic or locally advanced histologically and radiographically confirmed urothelial carcinoma
• Patients must have measurable disease, defined as at least one lesion that can be accurately measured in at least one dimension in accordance with Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria version (v) 1.1
• Patients must have received treatment with enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab in the first line setting. Study treatment may be started within 28 days of last treatment with EV-P or with continuing toxicities if considered by the Sponsor-Investigator to be safe and within the best interest of the patient
• Age ≥ 18 years
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-2
• Absolute neutrophil count ≥ 1,000/mm^3 unless patient has constitutional neutropenia
• Platelets ≥ 80,000/ul
• Hemoglobin ≥ 8.0 g/dL
• Aspartate aminotransferase (ALT) and alanine aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 2.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) or ≤ 3.5 x ULN if liver metastases
• Creatinine Clearance ≥ 20 mL/min
• Ability to understand and willingness to sign a written informed consent and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) consent document
• Optional: Archival tumor biospecimen, when available, must be procured for correlative evaluation. If tumor tissue is not available or accessible despite good faith efforts, patient may still be treated on study. Formalin fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue block(s) or at least 15 unbaked, unstained slides are required. Tissue samples taken from a metastatic lesion prior to the start of screening are acceptable

Exclusion Criteria

• Patients who have had systemic treatment including EV-P or radiotherapy within 2 weeks prior to entering the study
• Patients who have received more than one line of prior therapy or prior platinum-based chemotherapy for locally advanced or metastatic urothelial carcinoma (neoadjuvant platinum-based therapy including cisplatin is allowed)
• Patients who have not recovered from adverse events to less than grade 2 secondary to agents administered more than 2 weeks prior to treatment initiation
• Patients may not be receiving any other investigational agents
• Patients with uncontrolled and untreated central nervous system (CNS) metastases: * Prior radiation to CNS metastases is permitted * Prior history of CNS disease that has responded to previous systemic therapy is permitted only if no recurrence * Patient should not have leptomeningeal disease * CNS metastases have been clinically stable for at least 6 weeks prior to screening and baseline scans show no evidence of new or enlarged metastases
• Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to ongoing or active untreated infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, symptomatic uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit adherence with study requirements
• Subjects with a history of another invasive malignancy within 3 years before the first dose of study drug that cannot be watched and requires tumor-directed treatment, or any evidence of residual disease from a previously diagnosed malignancy that cannot be watched and requires treatment (adjuvant hormonal therapy for breast cancer is allowed)
• Currently receiving systemic antimicrobial treatment for active infection (viral, bacterial, or fungal) at the time of first dose of chemotherapy (routine antimicrobial prophylaxis is permitted)
• Pregnant or breast feeding