Chimeric Antigen Receptor Therapy (CD70.CAR) for the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory Acute Myeloid Leukemia and Other CD70 Positive Leukemias

Inclusion Criteria

• PROCUREMENT: Diagnosis of primary refractory or relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with the exception of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Patients with targetable mutations should have failed or be ineligible for targeted therapies (e.g. FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 [FLT3] inhibitors, isocitrate dehydrogenase [IDH] inhibitors or anti-CD33 drug conjugate) OR * Patients with other relapsed or refractory CD70+ leukemia that would be considered an indication for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) if remission can be achieved. (CD19+ leukemia only: Patients must have failed or be ineligible to receive commercial CD19.CAR T cell treatments.)
• PROCUREMENT: Primary refractory or resistant disease, defined for purposes of procurement as not achieving complete remission (CR) (i.e., a remaining blast count of 5% or more) after 1 to 2 cycles of intense induction therapy
• PROCUREMENT: Relapse is defined as * Hematologic relapse after complete remission based on bone marrow blasts >= 5%, or reappearance of blasts in the blood, or development of extramedullary disease * Molecular relapse after minimal residual disease (MRD) negative, complete remission based on reoccurrence of MRD as assessed by RT-qPCR or by multi-parametric flow cytometry (MFC)
• PROCUREMENT: CD70 positive leukemia with at least 26% CD70+ blasts by flow cytometry or immunohistochemistry (staining can be pending at time of procurement)
• PROCUREMENT: Age ≤ 75 years * NOTE: The first three (3) patients treated on the study will be adults (≥ 18 years of age)
• PROCUREMENT: Hemoglobin ≥ 7.0 g/dL (can be transfused)
• PROCUREMENT: If apheresis required to collect blood * Prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) < 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) * Serum creatinine < 2 x ULN * Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) < 5 x ULN
• PROCUREMENT: Informed consent
• TREATMENT: Diagnosis of primary refractory or relapsed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with the exception of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) Patients with targetable mutations should have failed or be ineligible for targeted therapies (e.g. FLT3 inhibitors, IDH inhibitors, or anti-CD33 drug conjugate). OR * Patients with other relapsed or refractory CD70+ hematological leukemias that would be considered an indication for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) if remission can be achieved. Patients with CD19+ malignancies must have failed or be ineligible to receive commercial CD19.CAR T cell treatments
• TREATMENT: Primary refractory or resistant disease as defined by not achieving complete remission (CR) (i.e., a remaining blast count of 5% or more) after 2 cycles of intense induction therapy. Patients with no reduction in blast count after the first cycle or with p53 mutations without CR after the first cycle of intense induction therapy are also considered primary refractory
• TREATMENT: Relapse is defined as * Hematologic relapse after complete remission based on bone marrow blasts >= 5%, or reappearance of blasts in the blood, or development of extramedullary disease * Molecular relapse after minimal residual disease (MRD) negative, complete remission based on reoccurrence of MRD as assessed by RT-qPCR or by multi-parametric flow cytometry (MFC)
• TREATMENT: Confirmation from the patient’s primary physician team of a suitable allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) donor. OR * Documentation that patient declines a potential subsequent HSCT)
• TREATMENT: CD70 positive leukemia with at least 26% CD70+ cells by flow cytometry or immunohistochemistry (tissue)
• TREATMENT: No systemic chemotherapy at least 2 weeks prior to treatment on study and must be recovered from all acute toxic effects of prior chemotherapy at time of treatment
• TREATMENT: Age ≤ 75 years * NOTE: The first three (3) patients treated on the study should be adults (≥ 18 years of age). Thereafter, a thorough review of the safety data will be performed and submitted to the FDA for approval prior to enrolling pediatric patients
• TREATMENT: Hemoglobin ≥ 7.0 g/dL (can be transfused)
• TREATMENT: Total bilirubin < 3 times the upper limit of normal
• TREATMENT: AST/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) < 5 times the upper limit of normal
• TREATMENT: Estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ≥ 60ml/min
• TREATMENT: Pulse oximetry of > 90% on room air
• TREATMENT: Karnofsky/Lansky score of ≥ 60%
• TREATMENT: Sexually active patients must be willing to utilize one of the more effective birth control methods during the study and for 6 months after the study is concluded. Male partner should use a condom
• TREATMENT: Informed consent obtained

Exclusion Criteria

• PROCUREMENT: Diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL)
• PROCUREMENT: Active infection (bacterial, fungal, or viral) requiring ongoing treatment without improvement
• PROCUREMENT: Known active infection with HIV or human T cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) (collected blood will be sent for HIV/HTLV testing, separate testing prior to procurement not required). Patients with HIV are eligible if viral load is undetectable on therapy and CD4 count is > 350 mm^3
• PROCUREMENT: Active second cancer (except non-melanoma skin cancer or in situ breast cancer or cervical cancer) or other cancer treated ≤ 2 years prior to enrollment
• PROCUREMENT: Ongoing treatment with immune suppression for prophylaxis/treatment of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) including high dose steroids (e.g. prednisone equivalent > 0.5 mg/kg/day)
• TREATMENT: Diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL)
• TREATMENT: Currently receiving any investigational agents or received any tumor vaccines within the previous 6 weeks
• TREATMENT: Pregnant or lactating
• TREATMENT: Uncontrolled infection with HIV, or HTLV. Patients with HIV are eligible if viral load is undetectable on therapy and CD4 count is > 350 mm^3
• TREATMENT: Clinically significant bacterial, fungal, or viral infection requiring ongoing therapy without improvement
• TREATMENT: Cardiac echocardiography with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 50% * Confirmation of absence of these conditions must be obtained within 6 months of treatment
• TREATMENT: Cardiac dysfunction New York Heart Association (NYHA) III or IV * Confirmation of absence of these conditions must be obtained within 6 months of treatment
• TREATMENT: Clinically significant pericardial effusion * Confirmation of absence of these conditions must be obtained within 6 months of treatment
• TREATMENT: Presence of central nervous system (CNS) disease: * Defined as detectable cerebrospinal blast cells in a sample of CSF with ≥ 5 white blood cells (WBCs) per mm^3 or known CNS tumors/chloromas (repeat spinal tap within 4 weeks only required for leukemia patients with known CNS disease)
• TREATMENT: Use of serotherapy with Campath or anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) within the last 28 days
• TREATMENT: Use of donor lymphocyte infusion (DLI) or other cellular therapy product within 28 days
• TREATMENT: Acute GVHD ≥ grade 2 or moderate to severe (formerly extensive) chronic GVHD
• TREATMENT: High dose steroids > 1 mg/kg within preceding 5 days or currently receiving > 0.5mg/kg/day prednisone equivalent
• TREATMENT: Hyperleukocytosis (WBC ≥ 50K) or rapidly progressive disease that in the estimation of the investigator would compromise the ability of the patient to complete the initial 6 weeks of the study