Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplant in Treating Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Inclusion Criteria

• All children and adults with AML who have achieved a first or second bone marrow remission are eligible for this protocol; patients must undergo peripheral blood stem cell collection or marrow harvest while in remission and must not be expected to have better outcomes with allogeneic transplantation
• Patients with cytogenetic abnormalities suggesting an improved prognosis [t(8:21), t(15;17) and inv(16)] will be eligible for transplantation in first remission
• Allogeneic transplant with a human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-identical sibling will be recommended for patients < 55 years; if the patient refuses allogeneic transplant, they may still be eligible for this protocol
• Patients can also be deemed not eligible for transplant because of specific organ toxicity; specifically, patients with pre-existing compromise to the heart, lungs, kidney, central nervous system (CNS) or liver may be excluded
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status: 0 or 1
• The patient must be free of symptoms of uncontrolled cardiac disease, and must not have compromised cardiac function detected by echocardiogram (ECHO) or by gated cardiac blood flow scan (multi gated acquisition scan [MUGA]) left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF] > 45%)
• The patient must have a corrected creatinine clearance >= 50% of normal
• The total serum bilirubin =< 2.5 mg/dL
• Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) < 2 x upper limit of normal
• Patients must have no significant obstructive airways disease or resting hypoxemia (partial pressure of oxygen [PO2] < 80), and must have acceptable diffusion capacity (diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide [DLCO] > 50% of predicted)
• Patients must be free of active or ongoing ischemic or degenerative CNS disease and no active or resistant CNS leukemia