Metaiodobenzylguanidine-Labeled Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography in Patients With Recurrent or Refractory Neuroblastoma

Inclusion Criteria

• Able to cooperate for the PET CT scan when registered on study
• Patients must have a diagnosis of neuroblastoma either by histologic verification of neuroblastoma and/or demonstration of tumor cells in the bone marrow with increased urinary catecholamine metabolites
• Patients must have high-risk neuroblastoma with at least ONE of the following: * Recurrent/progressive disease at any time; biopsy is not required, even if there is a partial response to intervening therapy * Refractory disease (i.e. less than a partial response to frontline therapy, including a minimum of 4 cycles of chemotherapy); no biopsy is required for eligibility for this study
• Patients must have MIBG evaluable disease which is defined as evidence of uptake into tumor at >= one site within 4 weeks prior to entry on study and subsequent to any intervening therapy
• Patients must meet eligibility criteria for 131I-MIBG therapy
• All post-menarchal females must have a negative beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) within 2 weeks prior to receiving the dose of 124I-MIBG; males and females of childbearing potential must practice an effective method of birth control while participating on this study, to avoid possible damage to the fetus
• The patient and/or the patient’s legally authorized guardian must acknowledge in writing that consent to become a study subject has been obtained, in accordance with institutional policies approved by the US Department of Health and Human Service

Exclusion Criteria

• Pregnancy or lactating with the intent of breast feeding
• Patients who require general anesthesia for MIBG imaging studies