Controlled Low Calorie Diet in Reducing Side Effects and Increasing Response to Chemotherapy in Patients with Breast or Prostate Cancer

Inclusion Criteria

• Age > 18 years
• Histologically confirmed breast cancer for which chemotherapy with AC (doxorubicin plus cyclophosphamide) or taxane-based chemotherapy (docetaxel plus cyclophosphamide or docetaxel plus carboplatin) is being utilized in the neoadjuvant or adjuvant setting (AC may be administered every 2 or 3 weeks, and may be preceded by or followed by paclitaxel planned to be given at 80 mg/m^2 weekly or 175 mg/m^2 every 2-3 weeks, per standard treatment plan) * At least 2 cycles of chemotherapy must be planned during study enrollment * For subjects receiving AC, participation during the paclitaxel is optional. Thus subjects may enroll after completing all paclitaxel if that is being administered prior to AC, or may begin study participation during paclitaxel provided they intend to continue participation during AC administration * For subjects participating during weekly paclitaxel, “cycles” will be deemed every 2 weeks or every 3 weeks to match the schedule of administration of AC * Chemotherapy may be given with HER2-targeted agents (i.e. trastuzumab or pertuzumab) when appropriate OR * Metastatic prostate adenocarcinoma for which docetaxel or docetaxel plus carboplatin will be administered (between 60 mg/m^2 to 75 mg/m^2 every 3 weeks)
• Body mass index (BMI) >= 18.5
• Subjects do not need to have measurable or evaluable disease; chemotherapy may be administered in the neoadjuvant, adjuvant, or metastatic setting
• Subjects may have received up to one or two doses of their planned chemotherapy prior to enrollment; otherwise the restrictions for prior therapy: * Breast cancer subjects may have received curative-intent chemotherapy for a separate malignancy more than 3 years ago * Prostate cancer subjects may have received prior treatment with metronomic cyclophosphamide as this is considered anti-angiogenic/immunomodulatory and not cytotoxic * Prostate cancer subjects may be receiving a 2nd course of docetaxel provided that ** The first course resulted in a prostate specific antigen (PSA) response (> 30% reduction in PSA and/or improvement in radiographic findings or pain) and the last dose was >= 9 months ago
• Prior radiotherapy is allowed, provided at least 2 weeks have elapsed from completion of radiotherapy to initiation of protocol treatment
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-1
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) < 2 x upper limit of normal (ULN)
• Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) > 1500 before the start date of chemotherapy
• Platelets > 90,000 before the start date of chemotherapy
• Premenopausal women must have a negative pregnancy test and must agree to use barrier contraception throughout the study period
• Conditional eligibility of select patients with Type 2- diabetes mellitus * Subjects with “Type 2 diabetes” or “pre-diabetes” who are controlling their blood sugar with diet and lifestyle modifications will be eligible * Subjects taking metformin for diabetes or pre-diabetes may be eligible provided: ** They can continue to be on metformin during the restricted diet but with close monitoring of their blood sugar. If the blood sugar drops below 70 mg/dL the restricted diet will be stopped OR ** Primary physician feels they can be taken off the metformin for the duration of the clinical trial. * These cases should be discussed with the principal investigator for guidance

Exclusion Criteria

• Diabetes mellitus * Subjects with “type 2 diabetes,” “pre-diabetes” or “glucose intolerance” who are taking metformin may be eligible. These cases should be discussed with the principal investigator for guidance
• Peripheral neuropathy >= grade 1
• Prior therapy with inhibitors of IGF-1 (example [ex]: AMG-479, OSI-906)
• Concurrent use of somatostatin
• Significant food allergies which would make the subject unable to consume the food provided (soy or nut allergy)