Iadademstat and Paclitaxel for the Treatment of Relapsed or Refractory Small Cell Lung Cancer and Extrapulmonary High Grade Neuroendocrine Carcinomas

Inclusion Criteria

• Patients must have histologically or cytologically confirmed metastatic or unresectable, extrapulmonary grade 3 (G3) extra-pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC) (Ki-67 index > 20% with poorly-differentiated histology), SCLC, or prostate or bladder cancer with high-grade neuroendocrine or small cell component.
• Patients must have been previously treated with platinum-based chemotherapy regimens (cisplatin, carboplatin or oxaliplatin). Patients may have received up to 3 lines of treatment in the metastatic setting that might include immune checkpoint inhibitors, but no previous taxane based therapy. However, patients who have received neoadjuvant/adjuvant therapy with taxanes more than six months from enrollment are allowed to participate.
• Patients must have measurable disease, defined as at least one lesion that can be accurately measured in at least one dimension in accordance with Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) criteria v. 1.1.
• Patients who have received prior anti-PD1 or anti-PD-L1 therapy are eligible to enroll.
• Age >= 18 years.
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0-1.
• Body weight >= 50 kg (110 lbs).
• Absolute neutrophil count >= 1,500/mcL.
• Hemoglobin >= 9 mg/dl.
• Platelets >= 100,000/mcL (patients cannot receive platelet transfusions to meet eligibility criteria).
• Total bilirubin =< 1.5 X upper limit of normal (ULN) (Patients [Pts] with Gilbert’s can enroll if conjugated bilirubin is within normal limits).
• Aspartate transaminase (AST)/alanine transaminase (ALT) (serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT]/serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase [SGPT]) =< 3 x ULN if not disease related. If liver metastasis, AST/ALT up to 5 x ULN allowed.
• Creatinine < 1.5 X ULN OR creatinine clearance >= 60 ml/min/1.73 m^2 for patients
• Patient is able to swallow oral medications and retain orally administered study treatment.
• Patients with treated brain metastases are eligible if there is no evidence of progression for at least 4 weeks after central nervous system (CNS)-directed treatment, as ascertained by clinical examination and brain imaging (MRI or CT) during the screening period.
• Ability to understand and willingness to sign a written informed consent and Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) consent document.
• Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients who are healthy and have a low risk of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) related outcomes are included in this trial. Similarly, Hepatitis B and C infected patients are allowed if disease is controlled (testing not required for eligibility assessment).
• Male patients even if surgically sterilized (i.e., status post vasectomy) who agree to: * Practice true abstinence or highly effective barrier contraception during the entire study treatment period and through 180 days after the last dose of study drug. * Not to donate sperm during the course of this study or within 180 days after receiving their last dose of study drug.
• Female patients who: * Are postmenopausal for at least 1 year before the initial consent is signed, OR * Are documented as surgically sterile (at least 1 month prior to consenting), OR * If they are of childbearing potential, agree to: ** Use of two methods of contraception (e.g., one barrier method [condom, diaphragm or cervical/vault caps] with spermicide and one hormonal contraceptive [e.g., combined oral contraceptives, patch, vaginal ring, injectable and implants]) during the trial and 180 days after the end of treatment. ** Practice true abstinence during the trial and 180 days after the end of treatment. ** Have a negative urine pregnancy test at screening. ** Not to donate or freeze egg(s) during the course of this study or within 180 days after receiving their last dose of study drug.

Exclusion Criteria

• Patients who have received more than 3 lines of therapy.
• Patients who have not received any platinum-based therapy.
• Patients who have received previous therapy with taxanes, unless received in the neoadjuvant/adjuvant setting and longer than six months from last taxane treatment.
• Patients with a prior or concurrent malignancy whose natural history or treatment has the potential to interfere with the safety or efficacy assessment of the investigational regimen as per treating doctor of medicine (MD).
• Patients who have received radiotherapy less than 2 weeks prior to first dose of study medication.
• Surgical procedure or clinically significant trauma within 4 weeks of first dose of study treatment.
• Treatment with any investigational agent =< 3 weeks prior to first dose of study treatment.
• Patients with gastrectomy or pre-existing gastrointestinal (GI) disorders that may interfere with the proper absorption of the drug(s), as per conclusion of the clinical Investigator.
• Patients medicated with, or the expected need for treatment with agents reported to have LSD1 inhibitory activity (such as tranylcypromine or phenelzine) within 3 weeks of treatment start.
• History of allergic reactions attributed to components of the formulated product(s).
• Patients with prior history of National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) version 5.0 Grade >= 3 drug-related central nervous system (CNS) toxicity.
• Patients with untreated, symptomatic CNS metastases likely to interfere with the experimental therapy as per the investigator sponsor.
• Patients with prior history of grade >= 2 neurotoxicity that was not resolved to grade =< 1 (prior therapy toxicity).
• Patients who have any severe and/or uncontrolled medical conditions or other conditions that could affect their participation in the study or pose a higher risk of toxicities as per discretion of the treating physician in agreement with the investigator-sponsor (including but not limited to:) * Unstable angina, symptomatic or otherwise uncontrolled arrhythmia (does not include stable, lone atrial fibrillation), QTcF > 480 ms based on the average of 3 screening electrocardiograms (ECGs), symptomatic congestive heart failure (New York heart association [NYHA] II, III, IV), myocardial infarction =< 6 months prior to first study treatment, cerebrovascular accidents =< 6 months before study treatment start. * Patient has evidence of active uncontrolled viral, bacterial, or systemic fungal infection. * Any other serious and uncontrolled medical illnesses, uncontrolled seizures that may affect study participation or patient safety, as assessed by investigator.
• Patients who refuse or are unable to potentially receive blood products.
• Any medical condition which, in the opinion of the investigator, places the patient at an unacceptable risk for toxicities if entered into the clinical study.
• Patients with history of clinically significant bleeding, specifically any history of intracranial hemorrhage / hemorrhagic cardiovascular accident (CVA), or patients with gastrointestinal bleeding within the 3 months prior to study entry.
• Patients with current interstitial lung disease, requiring systemic therapy within the last 3 months.
• Patients with hypersensitivity to iadademstat, paclitaxel, or to any of its excipients.
• Patients with known irreversible bleeding disorders or receiving antiplatelet therapy for other indications. Use of low dose aspirin (<100 mg) is allowed.
• Patients pregnant or breast feeding. Female patient must agree not to breastfeed at screening and throughout the study period and for 60 days after the final study drug administration.