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Capecitabine Compared to Endocrine Therapy for the Treatment of Non-luminal A Hormone Receptor-Positive Metastatic Breast Cancer
Trial Status: active
This phase II trial compares the effect of capecitabine to endocrine therapy in patients with non-Luminal A hormone receptor-positive breast cancer that has spread from where it first started (primary site) to other places in the body (metastatic). In this study, patients submit a sample of tumor for testing to determine if their breast cancer is considered non-Luminal A. Only patients with non-Luminal A receive study treatment. In the future, doctors hope that this test can assist in picking the best treatment for patients with this type of cancer. Capecitabine is in a class of medications called antimetabolites. It is taken up by tumor cells and breaks down into fluorouracil, a substance that kills tumor cells. Endocrine therapy is treatment that adds, blocks, or removes hormones. To slow or stop the growth of certain cancers (such as prostate and breast cancer), synthetic hormones or other drugs may be given to block the body's natural hormones. Giving capecitabine as compared to endocrine therapy may kill more tumor cells in patients with metastatic breast cancer.
Inclusion Criteria
Signed and dated written informed consent.
Subjects >= 18 years of age at time of signing informed consent; only participants who were born female.
Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0 or 1.
Clinical stage IV invasive mammary carcinoma or unresectable locoregional recurrence of invasive mammary carcinoma that is:
* Estrogen receptor (ER) (>/= 1%) and/or progesterone receptor (PR) (>/=1%) by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) negative (by IHC or fluorescence in situ hybridization [FISH]).
Previously exposed to:
* Aromatase inhibitor (AI) + CDK4/6 inhibitor, OR
* A selective estrogen-receptor modulator/ downregulator (SERM; SERD) + a CDK4/6 inhibitor.
Prior radiation permitted (if completed at least 2 weeks prior to study entry. Patients who have received prior radiotherapy must have recovered from toxicity (≤ grade 1) induced by this treatment (except for alopecia). Patients with brain metastasis secondary to breast cancer and clinically stable for more than 4 weeks from completion of radiation treatment and off steroids
Evaluable disease (measurable or non-measurable).
* Measurable disease ie, at least 1 measurable lesion as per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version 1.1 (a lesion at a previously irradiated site may only be counted as a target lesion if there is clear sign of progression since the irradiation).
* Patients with bone only disease allowed if possible to evaluate on radiological exams (eg. bone scan, PET/CT, CT, magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) even if lesions are non-measurable according to RECIST 1.1.
Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1.5 × 10^9/L.
Platelets >= 100 × 10^9/L.
Hemoglobin >= 8g/dL (may have been transfused).
Total serum bilirubin =< 1.5 times upper limit of normal (ULN).
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST/ serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT]) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT/ serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase [SGPT]) =< 2.5 × ULN (or =< 5 × ULN if liver metastases are present).
Serum creatinine =< 1.5 x ULN or estimated creatinine clearance >= 50 mL/min as calculated using the Cockcroft-Gault (CG) equation.
FOR RANDOMIZED PATIENTS ONLY: tumors must be diagnosed as non-Luminal A using the Blueprint registered trademark and Mammaprint registered trademark tests.
Prior radiation permitted (if completed at least 2 weeks prior to study entry. Patients who have received prior radiotherapy must have recovered from toxicity (< grade 1) induced by this treatment (except for alopecia).
* Patients with brain metastasis secondary to breast cancer and clinically stable for more than 4 weeks from completion of radiation treatment and off steroids
Exclusion Criteria
Prior chemotherapy in the metastatic setting.
Previous malignant disease other than breast cancer within the last 2 years with associated competing risk, with the exception of basal or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin, cervical carcinoma in situ, or low-risk cancers considered curatively treated (i.e. complete remission achieved at least 2 years prior to first dose of study drugs AND additional therapy not required while receiving study treatment).
Persisting symptoms related to prior therapy that has not reduced to grade 1 [National Cancer Institute Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events (NCI CTCAE) version 5.0]; however, menopausal symptoms, alopecia, and sensory neuropathy grade =< 2 is acceptable.
Pregnant or breastfeeding females.
Additional locations may be listed on ClinicalTrials.gov for NCT05693766.
I. Determine the impact of early chemotherapy (i.e., capecitabine) versus endocrine therapy-based regimen on anti-tumor effect in patients with non-Luminal A hormone receptor-positive (HR+) metastatic breast cancer (MBC).
SECONDARY OBJECTIVES:
I. Compare the safety and tolerability of capecitabine versus endocrine therapy in patients with non-Luminal A HR+ MBC.
II. Determine the impact of early chemotherapy (i.e., capecitabine) versus endocrine therapy-based regimen on anti-tumor effect in patients with non-Luminal A HR+ MBC.
CORRELATIVE OBJECTIVES:
I. Determine if the tumor mutations detected in circulating free deoxyribonucleic acid (cfDNA) are early surrogates of response.
II. Determine if the cfDNA results at disease progression show new genomic alterations potentially associated with resistance to therapy.
OUTLINE: Patients are randomized to 1of 2 arms.
ARM A: Patients receive physician’s choice endocrine-based therapy on study. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo computerized tomography (CT), bone scan, or positron emission tomography (PET)/CT scans throughout the trial as well as blood sample collection on study.
ARM B: Patients receive capecitabine orally (PO) twice daily (BID) for 7 days on and 7 days off on study. Cycles repeat every 28 days in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients undergo CT, bone scan, or PET/CT scan throughout the trial as well as blood sample collection on study.
Upon completion of study treatment, patients are followed up at 28 days, every 6 months for up to 2 years and then annually for up to 5 years.
Trial PhasePhase II
Trial Typetreatment
Lead OrganizationVanderbilt University/Ingram Cancer Center