A Laboratory Test (Circulating Tumor DNA Assay) for Guiding Treatment Decisions in Patients with Refractory Metastatic Colon or Rectal Cancer

Inclusion Criteria

• A histologic confirmation of adenocarcinoma of the colon or rectum with Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) measurable metastatic disease not currently candidates for oligometastatic definitive management (i.e., potentially curative surgery or ablation)
• Must have at least received first-line oxaliplatin-based therapy for metastatic disease, or a clinically acceptable and documented reason they did not, and progressed or were intolerant to the therapy. Individuals who recurred within 6 months of completion of oxaliplatin based adjuvant chemotherapy are also eligible. Subjects may enroll at any line of therapy past this first line so long as the patient’s next clinically reasonable prescribed treatment would be leucovorin calcium (calcium folinate), 5-fluorouracil, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) + bevacizumab/biosimilar, anti-EGFR therapy (with or without irinotecan), or Lonsurf
• Subjects must have tissue from either the primary and/or metastatic deposit available for submission at enrollment. Tissue can be from either a biopsy or resection surgery, whichever is most recent, but must be from the past five years
• Subjects must have tissue and blood shipped to Natera at least 10 days prior to the anticipated treatment start date
• Subjects must have had molecular profiling to determine tumor RAS, BRAF and mismatch repair (MMR)/microsatellite instability (MSI) status
• Subjects with known or suspected Gilbert’s disease must be formally tested for UGT1A1*28 with results available to study team prior to treatment initiation
• Any clinically relevant (as deemed by the principal investigator [PI]) adverse events related to prior therapies must have resolved to grade 1 or less (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events [CTCAE] 5.0) at study enrollment
• Both males and females >= eighteen years of age
• An Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status less than or equal to 2
• A life expectancy of at least 6 months
• Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) >= 1,500/uL
• Hemoglobin >= 9g/dL
• Platelets >= 100,000/uL
• Total bilirubin =< 1.5 upper limit of normal (ULN) or direct bilirubin =< 1 x ULN
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) =< 2.5 x ULN; if liver metastases present, then AST and ALT must be =< 5 x ULN
• Serum creatinine =< 1.5 x ULN or calculated creatinine clearance >= 59 mL/min/1.73m using Cockcroft-Gault equation
• Subjects must not have more than one active malignancy at the time of enrollment (subjects with a prior or concurrent malignancy whose natural history or treatment does not have the potential to interfere with the safety or efficacy assessment of the investigational regimen [as determined by the treating physician and approved by the PI] may be included)
• Written informed consent obtained from the subject and the subject agrees to comply with all the study-related procedures
• Women of childbearing potential (WOCBP) must be using an adequate method of contraception to avoid pregnancy throughout the study and for at least 12 weeks after the end of protocol-specified treatment to minimize the risk of pregnancy. Prior to study enrollment, women of childbearing potential must be advised of the importance of avoiding pregnancy during trial participation and the potential risk factors for an unintentional pregnancy. * WOCBP includes any woman who has experienced menarche and who has not undergone successful surgical sterilization (hysterectomy, bilateral tubal ligation, or bilateral oophorectomy) or who is not post-menopausal. Post-menopause is defined as: ** Amenorrhea that has lasted for >= 12 consecutive months without another cause, or ** For women with irregular menstrual periods who are taking hormone replacement therapy (HRT), a documented serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) level of greater than 35 mIU/mL
• Males with female partners of child-bearing potential must agree to use physician-approved contraceptive methods (e.g., abstinence, condoms, vasectomy) throughout the study and should avoid conceiving children for 12 weeks following the last dose of the protocol-specified treatment

Exclusion Criteria

• Subject with colorectal cancer known to be microsatellite high (MSI-H), deficient in DNA mismatch repair genes (dMMR), or BRAF (V600E) mutated
• Females or males of childbearing potential who are unwilling or unable to use an acceptable method to avoid pregnancy for the entire study period and for at least 12 weeks after the last dose of the protocol-specified treatment
• Females who are pregnant or breastfeeding
• History of any other disease, metabolic dysfunction, physical examination finding, or clinical laboratory finding giving reasonable suspicion of a disease or condition that contraindicates the use of protocol therapy or that might affect the interpretation of the results of the study or that puts the subject at high risk for treatment complications, in the opinion of the treating physician
• Prisoners or subjects who are involuntarily incarcerated, or subjects who are compulsorily detained for treatment of either a psychiatric or physical illness
• Prior radiation therapy must have been completed 14 days prior to study entry
• Prior chemotherapy or biologic therapy must have been completed 21 days prior to study entry
• Subject has known Dihydropyrimidine Dehydrogenase (DPD) deficiency