XL092 (Zanzalintinib) for the Treatment of Patients with Metastatic or Unresectable Leiomyosarcoma, Bone Sarcoma, or Translocation-Associated Soft Tissue Sarcoma

Inclusion Criteria

• COHORT 1 LEIOMYOSARCOMA: Patients must have histologically confirmed leiomyosarcoma that has been clinically determined to be metastatic or unresectable. Pathology must have been reviewed at a National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) designated cancer center such as Northwestern University's Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center (RHLCCC)
• COHORT 1 LEIOMYOSARCOMA: Patients must have undergone ≥ 2 prior lines of antineoplastic treatment * NOTE that no more than 2 lines of prior antineoplastic treatment can be tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) * NOTE: TKIs used for noncancer treatment are allowed (e.g., Opzelura)
• COHORT 2 BONE SARCOMA: Patients must have histologically confirmed diagnosis of metastatic or unresectable bone sarcoma. Pathology must have been reviewed at a NCCN designated cancer center such as Northwestern University's Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center (RHLCCC)
• COHORT 2 BONE SARCOMA: Patients must have undergone ≥ 1 prior lines of antineoplastic treatment * NOTE: Of these therapies, ≤ 2 may be TKI antineoplastic therapies * NOTE: TKIs used for noncancer treatment are allowed (e.g., Opzelura)
• COHORT 3 TAS: Patients must have histologically confirmed diagnosis of metastatic or unresectable translocation-associated soft tissue sarcoma (TAS). Pathology must have been reviewed at a NCCN designated cancer center such as Northwestern University's Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center * NOTE: For TAS, the translocation must be documented by standard of care (SOC) testing and not assumed based on the histologic appearance of the tumor
• COHORT 3 TAS: Patients must have undergone > 2 prior lines of antineoplastic treatment * NOTE: must have ≤ 2 prior TKI antineoplastic therapies * NOTE: TKIs used for noncancer treatment are allowed (e.g., Opzelura)
• ALL COHORTS:
• Patients must have measurable disease according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) version (v)1.1
• Patients must be aged ≥ 18 years on the day of signing any informed consent documents
• Patients must exhibit a performance status of 0 or 1 on the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) Performance Scale or > 70% on the Karnofsky Scale
• Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1,500/mcL (without granulocyte colony-stimulating factor support within 21 days of screening sample collection)
• Hemoglobin (Hgb) ≥ 9 g/dL without transfusion within 21 days of screening laboratory sample collection
• Platelets (PLT) ≥ 100,000/mm^3 (> 100 GI/L) without transfusion within 21 days of screening laboratory sample collection
• International normalized ratio (INR) or prothrombin time (PT) or partial thromboplastin time (PTT) ≤ 1.5 upper limit of normal (ULN) for INR/PT/PTT (within 21 days before the first dose of study treatment); For INR/PT/PTT, only one will be performed. The appropriate test will be chosen per the treating investigator’s discretion
• Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) ≤ 1.2 x ULN (unless patient is receiving anticoagulant therapy as long as PT or PTT is within therapeutic range of intended use of anticoagulants [within 21 days of treatment initiation])
• Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x institutional upper limit of normal ULN (within 21 days before the first dose of study treatment); for patients with Gilbert’s disease, total bilirubin ≤ 3 x ULN
• Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ≤ 3 x institutional ULN (within 21 days before the first dose of study treatment)
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 3 x institutional ULN (within 21 days before the first dose of study treatment)
• Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) ≤ 3 x institutional ULN; for patients with documented bone metastasis, ALP ≤ 5 x ULN (within 21 days before the first dose of study treatment)
• Serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 x institutional ULN OR calculated creatinine clearance ≥ 40 mL/min (≥ 0.67 mL/sec) using the Cockcroft-Gault equation (within 21 days before the first dose of study treatment)
• Creatinine clearance ≥ 40mL/min (within 21 days before the first dose of study treatment)
• Urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UPCR) ≤ 1 mg/mg (≤ 113.12 mg/mmol) (within 21 days before the first dose of study treatment)
• Patients of child bearing potential (POCBP) and any of their partners with sperm-producing reproductive capability must agree to use a highly effective method of contraception throughout the course of the study and for 186 days after the last dose of treatment. Additional contraceptive method, such as a barrier method (e.g., condom) is also required * NOTE: POCBP are considered to be of childbearing potential unless one of the following criteria is met: permanent sterilization (hysterectomy, bilateral salpingectomy, or bilateral oophorectomy) or documented postmenopausal status (defined as 12 months of amenorrhea in a woman > 45 years-of-age in the absence of other biological or physiological causes. In addition, females < 55 years-of-age must have a serum follicle stimulating hormone [FSH] level > 40 mIU/mL to confirm menopause). Documentation may include review of medical records, medical examination, or medical history interview by study site staff
• Patients with sperm-producing reproductive capacity (PWSPRC) treated or enrolled on this protocol must agree to use adequate contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control; abstinence), with partners of childbearing potential from time of informed consent, for the duration of study participation, and for 96 days following completion of therapy
• Patients must have ejection fraction > 50% by either MUGA scan or echocardiogram
• Patients must be capable of understanding and complying with the protocol requirements
• Patients must have the ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document

Exclusion Criteria

• Patients who have received previous treatment with XL092
• Patients who have received any type of small-molecule kinase inhibitor (including an investigational kinase inhibitor) within 14 days prior to study day 1 treatment
• Patients who have received > 2 prior tyrosine kinase inhibitor therapies as anticancer treatments
• Patients who have had prior chemotherapy, or radiation therapy within 4 weeks prior to start of study treatment (cycle 1 day 1 [C1D1]) with the following exception: * NOTE: If patients have recovered from their prior therapy (toxicity and/or complications) and meet all other eligibility criteria, they may participate
• Patients who have received radiation therapy for bone metastasis within 14 days prior to registration
• Patients who have undergone systemic treatment with radionuclides within 6 weeks (42 days) before first dose of study treatment
• Patients with clinically relevant complications from prior radiation therapy requiring ongoing therapy, per the opinion of the treating investigator enrolling the patient
• Patients with a known prior or concurrent malignancy that is progressing or requires active treatment within 2 years of first dose of study treatment. Note: The following exceptions may be made: * For patients with malignancies like basal cell carcinoma of the skin or squamous cell carcinoma of the skin that has undergone potentially curative therapy or in situ cervical cancer; or superficial skin cancers, localized low-grade tumors deemed cured and not treated with systemic therapy, and incidentally diagnosed prostate cancer if assessed as stage ≤ T2N0M0 and Gleason score ≤ 6 * For patients with a prior or concurrent malignancy whose natural history or treatment does not have the potential to interfere with the safety or efficacy assessment of the investigational regimen
• Patients with known brain metastases or cranial epidural disease unless adequately treated with radiotherapy and/or surgery (including radiosurgery) and stable for at least 4 weeks prior to first dose of study treatment * NOTE: Base of skull lesions without definitive evidence of dural or brain parenchymal involvement are allowed * NOTE: Eligible patients must be neurologically asymptomatic and without corticosteroid treatment at the time of first dose of study treatment
• Patients who are on concomitant anticoagulation with oral anticoagulants (e.g., warfarin, direct thrombin inhibitors) and platelet inhibitors (e.g., clopidogrel) * Allowed anticoagulants are the following: ** Prophylactic use of low-dose aspirin for cardio-protection (per local applicable guidelines) and low-dose low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) ** Therapeutic doses of LMWH or anticoagulation with direct factor Xa inhibitors rivaroxaban, edoxaban, or apixaban in patients without known brain metastases who are on a stable dose of the anticoagulant for at least 1 week before first dose of study treatment without clinically significant hemorrhagic complications from the anticoagulation regimen *** NOTE: Therapeutic doses of LMWH are not permitted in patients with known brain metastases at study entry *** NOTE: Patients must have discontinued oral anticoagulants within 3 days or 5 half-lives prior to first dose of study treatment, whichever is longer
• Patients who are taking any complementary medications (e.g., herbal supplements or traditional Chinese medicines) to treat the disease under study within 2 weeks (14 days) prior to start of treatment (C1D1) * Note: taking complementary medications to treat symptoms of the cancer is allowed
• The patient has uncontrolled, significant intercurrent or recent illness including, but not limited to, the following conditions: * Unstable or Deteriorating Cardiovascular Disorders: ** Congestive heart failure New York Heart Association Class 3 or 4, Class 2 or higher, unstable angina pectoris, new-onset angina, serious cardiac arrhythmias (e.g., ventricular flutter, ventricular fibrillation, Torsades de pointes) ** Uncontrolled hypertension defined as sustained blood pressure (BP) > 140 mm Hg systolic of > 90 mm Hg diastolic despite optimal antihypertensive treatment ** Stroke (including transient ischemic attack [TIA]), myocardial infarction, or other clinically significant arterial thrombotic and/or ischemic events within 6 months before first dose of study treatment ** Pulmonary embolism (PE) or deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or prior clinically significant venous events within 3 months before to first dose of study treatment. *** NOTE: Patients with a diagnosis of DVT within 6 months are allowed if asymptomatic and stable at screening and are on a stable dose of the anticoagulant for at least 1 week before first dose of study treatment without clinically significant hemorrhagic complications from the anticoagulation regimen *** NOTE: Patients who don’t require prior anticoagulation therapy may be eligible but must be discussed and approved by the Principal Investigator * Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders including those associated with a high risk of perforation or fistula formation: ** Tumors invading the GI tract from external viscera ** Active peptic ulcer disease, inflammatory bowel disease, diverticulitis, cholecystitis, symptomatic cholangitis or appendicitis, or acute pancreatitis ** Abdominal fistula, gastrointestinal perforation, bowel obstruction, or intra-abdominal abscess within 6 months before first dose *** NOTE: Complete healing of an intra-abdominal abscess must be confirmed prior to first dose of study treatment ** Known gastric or esophageal varices ** Acute obstruction of the bowel, gastric outlet, or pancreatic or biliary duct within 6 months before first dose of study treatment unless cause of obstruction is definitively managed and patient is asymptomatic ** Ascites, pleural effusion, or pericardial fluid requiring drainage in last 4 weeks
• Patients with clinically significant hematuria, hematemesis, or hemoptysis of > 0.5 teaspoon (2.5 mL) of red blood, or other history of significant bleeding (e.g., pulmonary hemorrhage) within 84 days prior to registration
• Symptomatic cavitating pulmonary lesion(s) or endobronchial disease (asymptomatic or radiated lesions allowed)
• Lesions invading major blood vessel including but not limited to inferior vena cava, pulmonary artery, or aorta. * Note: Patients with intravascular tumor extension (e.g., tumor thrombus in renal vein or inferior vena cava) may be eligible following PI approval
• Patients who are capable of donating eggs for the purpose of reproduction must not do so throughout the course of the study and for 186 days after the last dose of treatment
• Patients who are capable of donating sperm for the purpose of reproduction must not do so throughout the course of the study and for 96 days after the last dose of treatment
• Other clinically significant disorders that would preclude safe study participation, including, but not limited to: * Active infection requiring systemic treatment ** NOTE: This criterion applies only at enrollment; if a patient develops an infection while on study treatment, they may continue to receive study treatment ** NOTE: Prophylactic antibiotic treatment is allowed * Known infection with acute or chronic hepatitis B or C, known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related illness except for patients meeting all of the following criteria: ** On stable anti-retroviral therapy; ** CD4+ T cell count ≥ 200/µL; and ** An undetectable viral load. *** NOTE: HIV testing will be performed at screening if required by local regulation or as per standard of care *** NOTE: To be eligible, patients taking CYP inhibitors (e.g,, zidovudine, ritonavir, cobicistat, didanosine) or CYP3 inducers (efavirenz) must change to a different regimen not including these drugs 7 days prior to initiation of study treatment *** NOTE: Anti-retroviral therapies (ART) must have been received for at least 4 weeks (30 days) prior to the first dose *** NOTE: CD4+ T cell counts, and viral load are monitored per standard of care by the local health care provider * Serious non-healing wound/ulcer/bone fracture ** NOTE: non-healing wounds or ulcers are permitted if they are due to tumor-associated skin lesions * Malabsorption syndrome * Pharmacologically uncompensated, symptomatic hypothyroidism * Moderate to severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh B or C) * Requirement for hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis * History of solid organ or allogenic stem cell transplant
• Recent surgery within the following parameters: * Major surgery (e.g., GI surgery, removal or biopsy of brain metastasis) within 8 weeks prior to first dose of study treatment * Prior laparoscopic surgeries (ie., nephrectomy) within 4 weeks prior to first dose of study treatment * Minor surgery (e.g., simple excision, tooth extraction) within 5 days prior to first dose of study treatment ** NOTE: if a patient has had a recent surgery outside of the proscribed interval, complete wound healing from said surgery must have occurred prior to first dose of study treatment ** NOTE: Fresh tumor biopsies should be performed at least 5 days prior to registration. Patients with clinically relevant ongoing complications from prior surgical procedures, including biopsies, are not eligible
• Corrected QT interval calculated by the Fridericia formula (QTcF) > 480 ms within 14 days per electrocardiogram (ECG) prior to first dose of study treatment * Note: Triplicate ECG evaluations will be performed and the average of these 3 consecutive results for QTcF will be used to determine eligibility
• Patients with any unresolved toxicity National Cancer Institute (NCI) Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Event (CTCAE) grade > 1 at baseline from a previous anticancer therapy, with the following exceptions: * Alopecia, vitiligo, and the laboratory values defined in the inclusion criteria * Patients with grade ≥ 2 neuropathy will be evaluated on a case-by-case basis after consultation with the treating physician * Patients with irreversible toxicity not reasonably expected to be exacerbated by treatment with XL092 may be included only after consultation with the principal investigator
• Patients who have a history of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to XL092
• Patients who are pregnant (positive serum or urine test during screening or while on treatment) or nursing. Pregnant people are excluded from this study because XL092 is a next-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitor with potential for teratogenic or abortifacient effects. Because there is an unknown but potential risk for adverse events in nursing infants secondary to treatment of the nursing parent with XL092, breastfeeding should be discontinued if the nursing parent is treated with XL092 * NOTE: If a urine pregnancy test is positive or cannot be confirmed negative, a serum pregnancy test will be required
• Patients with psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements, per the opinion of the treating investigator
• XL092 is administrated orally; patients who are unable to swallow, retain, and/or absorb pills are not eligible for this study
• Patients who are currently participating in or have participated in a study of an investigational agent or have used an investigational device within 4 weeks prior to the first dose of treatment
• Other conditions which, in the opinion of the Investigator, would compromise the safety of the patient or the patient’s ability to complete the study