Zanzalintinib in Combination with Ipilimumab and Nivolumab for the Treatment of Metastatic or Unresectable Refractory Soft Tissue Sarcoma

Inclusion Criteria

• Histologically or cytologically confirmed soft tissue sarcoma that is metastatic or unresectable
• Must have received at least one but no more than 3 lines of therapy in the metastatic setting, with progression on last line of therapy. Neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy completed more than one year prior does not count towards as a line of therapy in the metastatic. Individuals with alveolar soft part sarcoma may enroll without being refractory to at least one line of therapy
• Measurable disease per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1
• At least 18 years of age
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≤ 1
• Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1.5 K/cumm without granulocyte colony-stimulating factor support within 2 weeks prior to screening laboratory collection
• Platelets ≥ 100 K/cumm without transfusion within 2 weeks prior to screening laboratory collection
• Hemoglobin ≥ 9.0 g/dL without transfusion within 2 weeks prior to screening laboratory collection
• International normalized ratio (INR) ≤ 1.5 and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) ≤ 1.2 x institutional upper limit of normal (IULN). For subjects on factor Xa inhibitors, criteria does not apply
• Total bilirubin ≤ 1.5 x IULN (for subjects with Gilbert's disease ≤ 3 x IULN)
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)(serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT]), alanine aminotransferase (ALT)(serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase [SGPT]) ≤ 3.0 x IULN
• Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) ≤ 3.0 x IULN. For subjects with documented bone metastasis, ALP ≤ 5.0 x IULN
• Serum albumin ≥ 2.8 g/dL
• Calculated creatinine clearance ≥ 40 mL/min by Cockcroft-Gault
• Urine protein/creatinine ratio (UPCR) ≤ 1 mg/mg (≤ 113.2 mg/mmol) creatinine
• Recovery to baseline or ≤ grade 1 from adverse events (AEs), including immune-related AEs related to any prior treatments, unless AEs are clinically nonsignificant and/or stable on supportive therapy (e.g., physiological replacement of corticosteroid). Low-grade or controlled toxicities such as alopecia, ≤ grade 2 hypomagnesemia, ≤ grade 2 neuropathy are permitted
• Sexually active fertile subjects and their partners must agree to use highly effective method of contraception during the course of the study and for the following durations after the last dose of treatment (whichever is later). An additional contraceptive method, such as a barrier method (eg, condom), is required. In addition, men must agree not to donate sperm and women must agree not to donate eggs (ova, oocyte) for the purpose of reproduction during these same periods: * 186 days after last dose of zanzalintinib (for women) or 96 days after last dose of zanzalintinib (for men). * 5 months after the last dose of nivolumab or 3 months after the last dose of ipilimumab
• Female subjects of childbearing potential must not be pregnant at screening. Female subjects are considered to be of childbearing potential unless one of the following criteria is met: permanent sterilization (hysterectomy, bilateral salpingectomy, or bilateral oophorectomy) or documented postmenopausal status (defined as 12 months of amenorrhea in a woman > 45 years-of-age in the absence of other biological or physiological causes. In addition, females < 55 years-of-age must have a serum follicle stimulating hormone [FSH] level > 40 mIU/mL to confirm menopause). * Note: Documentation may include review of medical records, medical examination, or medical history interview by study site staff
• Ability to understand and willingness to sign an institutional review board (IRB) approved written informed consent document. Legally authorized representatives may sign and give informed consent on behalf of study participants

Exclusion Criteria

• Translocation-driven sarcoma except for alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS)
• Prior treatment with zanzalintinib, cabozantinib, PD-1 inhibitor (e.g., cemiplimab, nivolumab, pembrolizumab), PD-L1 inhibitor (e.g., atezolizumab, avelumab, durvalumab), or CTLA-4 inhibitor (e.g., ipilimumab)
• Receipt of any type of small molecule kinase inhibitor (including investigational kinase inhibitor) within 2 weeks before first dose of study treatment
• Receipt of any type of cytotoxic, biologic, or other systemic anticancer therapy (including investigational) within 4 weeks before first dose of study treatment
• Radiation therapy for bone metastasis within 2 weeks before first dose of study treatment; any other radiation therapy within 4 weeks before first dose of study treatment. Systemic treatment with radionuclides within 6 weeks before first dose of study treatment. Subjects with clinically relevant ongoing complications from prior radiation therapy are not eligible
• Known brain metastases or cranial epidural disease unless adequately treated with radiotherapy and/or surgery (including radiosurgery) and stable for at least 4 weeks before first dose of study treatment * Note: Eligible subjects must be neurologically asymptomatic and without corticosteroid treatment at the time of enrollment * Note: Base of skull lesions without definitive evidence of dural or brain parenchymal involvement are allowed
• A history of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to zanzalintinib, ipilimumab, nivolumab, or other agents used in the study
• Concomitant anticoagulation with warfarin or other vitamin-K antagonists, direct thrombin inhibitors, or antiplatelet agents (e.g. clopidogrel). Allowed anticoagulants are the following: * Prophylactic use of low-dose aspirin for cardio-protection (per local applicable guidelines) and low-dose low molecular weight heparins (LMWH). * Therapeutic doses of LMWH or anticoagulation with direct factor Xa inhibitors rivaroxaban, edoxaban, or apixaban in subjects without known brain metastases who are on a stable dose of the anticoagulant for at least 1 week before first dose of study treatment without clinically significant hemorrhagic complications from the anticoagulation regimen ** Note: subjects must have discontinued oral anticoagulants within 3 days or 5 half-lives prior to first dose of study treatment, whichever is longer
• Any complementary medications (e.g. herbal supplements or traditional Chinese medicines) to treat the disease under study within 2 weeks before first dose of study treatment
• Uncontrolled, significant intercurrent or recent illness including, but not limited to: * Unstable or deteriorating cardiovascular disorders: ** Congestive heart failure New York Heart Association (NYHA) class 3 or 4, or class 2 or higher unstable angina pectoris, new-onset angina, serious cardiac arrhythmias (e.g. ventricular flutter, ventricular fibrillation, torsades de pointes) ** Uncontrolled hypertension defined as sustained blood pressure > 140 mmHg systolic or > 90 mmHg diastolic despite optimal antihypertensive treatment ** Stroke (including transient ischemic attack), myocardial infarction, or other clinically significant arterial thrombotic and/or ischemic event within 6 months before first dose of study treatment ** Pulmonary embolism or deep vein thrombosis or prior clinically significant venous events within 3 months before first dose of study treatment. *** Note: Subjects with a diagnosis of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) within 6 months are allowed if asymptomatic and stable at screening and are on a stable dose of the anticoagulant for at least 1 week before first dose of study treatment without clinically significant hemorrhagic complications from the anticoagulation regimen *** Note: Subjects who don’t require prior anticoagulation therapy may be eligible but must be discussed and approved by the principal investigator (PI) ** Prior history of myocarditis * Gastrointestinal disorders, including those associated with a high risk of perforation or fistula formation: ** Tumors invading the gastrointestinal (GI) tract from external viscera ** Active peptic ulcer disease, inflammatory bowel disease, diverticulitis, cholecystitis, symptomatic cholangitis or appendicitis, or acute pancreatitis ** Acute obstruction of the bowel, gastric outlet, or pancreatic or biliary duct within 6 months before first dose unless cause of obstruction is definitively managed and subject is asymptomatic ** Abdominal fistula, gastrointestinal perforation, bowel obstruction, or intra-abdominal abscess within 6 months before first dose *** Note: Complete healing of an intra-abdominal abscess must be confirmed before first dose of study treatment ** Known gastric or esophageal varices ** Ascites, pleural effusion, or pericardial fluid requiring drainage in last 4 weeks
• Clinically significant hematuria, hematemesis, or hemoptysis of > 0.5 teaspoon (2.5 mL) of red blood, or other history of significant bleeding (e.g. pulmonary hemorrhage) within 12 weeks before first dose of study treatment
• Symptomatic cavitating pulmonary lesion(s) or endobronchial disease (asymptomatic or radiated lesions allowed)
• Lesions invading major blood vessel including, but not limited to, inferior vena cava, pulmonary artery, or aorta * Note: subjects with intravascular tumor extension (e.g. tumor thrombus in renal vein on inferior vena cava) may be eligible following PI approval
• Other clinically significant disorders that would preclude safe study participation, in the opinion of the investigator. Specific conditions are noted below: * Active infection requiring systemic treatment ** Note: prophylactic antimicrobial treatments (antibiotics, antimycotics, antivirals) are allowed. * Known infection with acute or chronic hepatitis B or C, known HIV or AIDS-related illness except for subjects meeting all of the following criteria: ** On stable anti-retroviral therapy ** CD4+ T cell count ≥ 200/μL ** Undetectable viral load *** Note: HIV testing will be performed at screening if and as required by local regulation *** Note: to be eligible, participants taking cytochrome P450 enzyme (CYP) inhibitors (e.g. zidovudine, ritonavir, cobicistat, didanosine) or CYP3 inducers (efavirenz) must change to a different regimen not including these drugs 7 days prior to initiation of study treatment. Anti-retroviral therapies must have been received for at least 4 weeks prior to the first dose *** Note: CD4+ T cell counts and viral load are monitored per standard of care by the local health provider * Serious non-healing wound/ulcer/bone fracture ** Note: non-healing wounds or ulcers are permitted if due to tumor-associated skin lesions * Malabsorption syndrome * Pharmacologically uncompensated, symptomatic hypothyroidism * Moderate to severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh B or C) * Requirement for hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis * History of solid organ or allogeneic stem cell transplant
• Major surgery (e.g. GI surgery, removal or biopsy of brain metastasis) within 8 weeks prior to first dose of study treatment. Prior laparoscopic surgeries (e.g. nephrectomy) within 4 weeks prior to first dose of study treatment. Minor surgery (e.g. simple excision, tooth extraction) within 5 days before first dose of study treatment. Complete wound healing from major or minor surgery must have occurred at least prior to first dose of study treatment * Note: fresh tumor biopsies should be performed at least 5 days before the first dose of study treatment. Subjects with clinically relevant ongoing complications from prior surgical procedures, including biopsies, are not eligible
• Corrected QT interval calculated by the Fridericia formula (QTcF) > 480 ms within 14 days per electrocardiogram (ECG) before first dose of study treatment * Note: triplicate ECG evaluations will be performed and the average of these 3 consecutive results for QTcF will be used to determine eligibility
• History of psychiatric illness likely to interfere with ability to comply with protocol requirements or give informed consent
• Pregnant and/or breastfeeding. Women of childbearing potential must have a negative serum pregnancy test within 14 days of study entry
• Inability to swallow tablets or ingest a suspension either orally or by a nasogastric (NG) or percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube
• Another malignancy that requires active therapy and in the opinion of the Investigator would interfere with monitoring of radiologic assessments of response to study treatment, within 2 years before first dose of study treatment, except for superficial skin cancers, or localized, low-grade tumors deemed cured and not treated with systemic therapy
• Any active, known, or suspected autoimmune disease * Note: Subjects with type I diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism only requiring hormone replacement, skin disorders (such as vitiligo, psoriasis, or alopecia) not requiring systemic treatment, or conditions not expected to recur in the absence of an external trigger, or permitted to enroll
• Known positive test for tuberculosis infection if supported by clinical or radiographic evidence of disease
• History of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, organizing pneumonia (e.g., bronchiolitis obliterans), drug induced pneumonitis, idiopathic pneumonitis, or evidence of active pneumonitis on screening chest computerized tomography (CT) scan. History of radiation pneumonitis in the radiation field (fibrosis) is permitted
• Free thyroxine (FT4) outside the laboratory normal reference range. Asymptomatic subjects with FT4 abnormalities can be eligible after principal investigator approval
• Diagnosis of immunodeficiency or is receiving systemic steroid therapy (> 10 mg daily prednisone equivalent) or any other form of immunosuppressive therapy within 2 weeks prior to first dose of study treatment. Inhaled, intranasal, intraarticular, and topical corticosteroids and mineralocorticoids are allowed * Note: Adrenal replacement steroid doses > 10 mg daily prednisone equivalent are permitted in the absence of active autoimmune disease. Transient short-term use of higher doses of systemic corticosteroids for allergic conditions (eg, contrast allergy) is also allowed
• Administration of a live, attenuated vaccine within 30 days before first dose of study treatment