Elranatamab, Lenalidomide, and Dexamethasone for the Treatment of Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma

Inclusion Criteria

• Newly diagnosed patients with histologically confirmed MM based on the International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) diagnostic criteria and measurable disease within the past 4 weeks (or past 8 weeks if patient received pre-study MM therapy) based on one of the following: * Serum monoclonal protein ≥ 1.0 g/dL * Urine monoclonal protein ≥ 200 mg/24 hour * Involved serum immunoglobulin free light chain ≥ 10 mg/dL AND abnormal kappa/lambda ratio * NOTE: ** Patients who have evaluable disease based on samples other than urine do not need to have urine evaluated for initial or subsequent response assessments ** Because the primary endpoint is MRD negativity rate, per the discretion of the principal investigator (PI), patients without measurable disease (e.g., monoclonal protein [M]-spike < 1.0 g/dL) may also be enrolled in line with the IMWG MM response criteria
• Evidence of underlying end organ damage and/or myeloma defining event attributed to underlying plasma cell proliferative disorder meeting at least one of the following (Note: Myeloma defining event does not need to be based on repeat testing done at screening if previous pathology, radiology, etc., confirm diagnosis of myeloma per IMWG): * Hypercalcemia: serum calcium > 0.25 mmol/L (> 1.0 mg/dL) above upper limit of normal (ULN) or ≥ 2.75 mmol/L (11 mg/dL) * Anemia: hemoglobin value < 10 g/dL or > 2 g/dL below lower limit of normal (LLN) * Bone disease: ≥ 1 lytic lesions on skeletal X-ray, computed tomography (CT), or positron emission tomography (PET)-CT. For patients with 1 lytic lesion, bone marrow should demonstrate ≥ 10% clonal plasma cells * Clonal bone marrow plasma cell percentage ≥ 60% * Involved/un-involved serum free light chain ratio ≥ 100 and involved free light chain ≥ 100 mg/L * > 1 focal lesion on magnetic resonance imaging study (lesion must be > 5 mm) in size * For patients with 1 lytic lesion, bone marrow should demonstrate ≥ 10% clonal plasma cells
• Patients must have measurable disease within the past 4 weeks, which is defined by any one of the following: * Serum monoclonal protein ≥ 0.5 g/dL * Urine monoclonal protein > 200 mg/24 hour * Serum immunoglobulin free light chain ≥ 10 mg/dL AND abnormal kappa/lambda serum free light chain ratio * Other measurable disease as defined by the IMWG * Because the primary endpoint is MRD negativity based on bone marrow analysis, a patient without measurable disease in blood or urine may be enrolled and assessed for MRD negativity * NOTE: ** Participants who have evaluable disease based on samples other than urine do not need to have urine evaluated for subsequent responses ** In participants who received minimal prior therapy within the allowable range, patients should have had documented measurable disease within 4 weeks of starting that respective therapy if currently unmeasurable
• Adult male and female participants ≥ 18 years of age
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0–2
• Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) > 1.0 K cells/uL (≤ 45 days) * At the discretion of the investigator, patients with an ANC of 0.5 K/uL–1.0 K/uL may also be enrolled if clinically appropriate (eg, patients with a baseline neutropenia that is chronic and/or ethnic neutropenia and that does not cause complications, e.g, no history of chronic infections)
• Platelet count > 75 K cells/uL (≤ 45 days)
• Hemoglobin > 8 g/dL (≤ 45 days) (transfusions are permissible if the cause of the anemia is other than myeloma)
• Total bilirubin < 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) (≤ 45 days) * NOTE: Isolated total bilirubin ≥ 1.5 x ULN with conjugated [direct] bilirubin < 1.5 x ULN is allowed for those participants with known Gilbert's syndrome
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine transaminase (ALT) ≤ 2.5 x ULN (≤ 45 days)
• Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ≥ 30 mL/min based on Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) 4-variable formula calculation or creatine clearance (CrCl) measured by a 24-hour urine collection. (≤ 45 days) (The estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] may also be determined by using other widely accepted methods as clinically indicated, ie, Cockcroft-Gault method or the chronic kidney disease [CKD]-epidemiology collaboration [EPI] per institutional standards
• Participants must be willing, able, and agree to enrolling in the lenalidomide Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies (REMS) program
• A female participant of childbearing potential must have a negative serum or urine pregnancy test at screening (at or within 45 days of study enrollment) and within 72 hours of the start of study treatment and must agree to further serum or urine pregnancy tests during the study
• A female participant must be: * Not of childbearing potential, or * Of childbearing potential and practicing at least 1 highly effective method of contraception
• A female participant must agree not to donate eggs (ova, oocytes) or freeze for future use for the purposes of assisted reproduction during the study and for at least 4 weeks after the last dose of lenalidomide or 4 months after the last dose of elranatamab. Female participants should consider preservation of eggs prior to study treatment, as anti-cancer treatments may impair fertility
• A female participant must agree to not breastfeed during the study and for a period of at least 4 weeks after the last dose of lenalidomide or 4 months after the last dose of elranatamab
• A male participant must wear a condom when engaging in any activity that allows for passage of ejaculate to another person during the study and for a period of at least 4 weeks after receiving the last dose of study treatment. If the male participant’s partner is a female of childbearing potential, the male participant must use condoms (with or without spermicide), and the female partner of the male participant must also be practicing a highly effective method of contraception * NOTE: If the male participant is vasectomized, he still must wear a condom (with or without spermicidal foam/gel/film/cream/suppository), but his female partner is not required to use contraception
• A male participant must agree not to donate sperm for the purpose of reproduction during the study and for period of 3 months after receiving the last dose of study treatment. Male participants should consider preservation of sperm prior to study treatment, as anti-cancer treatments may impair fertility
• Ability of the patient to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document
• Have any condition that, in the opinion of the Investigator, would compromise the well-being of the patient or the study or prevent the patient from meeting or performing study requirements
• Must be willing and able to adhere to the lifestyle restrictions specified in this protocol

Exclusion Criteria

• Participants receiving > 1 cycle of prior treatment or concurrent systemic treatment for MM with the following exceptions: * Treatment of hypercalcemia or spinal cord compression or aggressively progressing myeloma with current or prior corticosteroids is permitted * Bone targeting agents are permitted * Concurrent or prior treatment with corticosteroids for indications other than multiple myeloma is permitted * Prior MM treatments, such as immunomodulatory drugs (IMIDs) or non-MM drugs in clinical trials for smoldering myeloma is permitted with a washout period of 2 weeks from last dose. Patients with smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) previously treated with carfilzomib are excluded * Patients with measurable disease who received up to one cycle of any therapy within 60 days with a washout period of 2 weeks from last dose (on a trial or outside a trial) are eligible (Note: Measurable disease is defined as one or more of the following: Serum monoclonal protein ≥ 1.0 g/dL, Urine monoclonal protein ≥ 200 mg/24 hour and/or involved serum immunoglobulin free light chain ≥ 10 mg/dL AND abnormal kappa/lambda ratio.)
• Known active central nervous system (CNS) involvement or clinical signs of myelomatous meningeal involvement
• Major surgery within 14 days prior to enrollment
• Peripheral neuropathy/history of peripheral neuropathy (PN) ≥ 3
• Patients who are receiving any other anti-myeloma investigational agents
• Patients who receive a live attenuated vaccine within 4 weeks of scheduled study treatment administration
• Contraindication to any concomitant medication, including those medications administered for infusion reaction, antiviral, antibacterial, anticoagulation, tumor lysis, or hydration prophylaxis given prior or during to therapy
• Patient has any of the following: * Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive with 1 or more of the following: ** History of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining conditions CD4 count < 350 cells/mm^3 ** Detectable viral load during screening or within 6 months prior to screening ** Not receiving highly active anti-retroviral therapy ** Had a change in antiretroviral therapy within 6 months of the start of screening ** Receiving antiretroviral therapy that may interfere with study treatment as assessed after discussion with the medical monitor * Hepatitis B infection (ie, hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg] or hepatitis B virus [HBV]-deoxyribonucleic acid [DNA] positive). Patients with resolved infection (ie, patients who are HBsAg negative but positive for antibodies to hepatitis B core antigen [anti-HBc] and/or antibodies to hepatitis B surface antigen [anti-HBs]) must be screened using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) measurement of HBV DNA levels. Those who are PCR positive will be excluded. In the event the infection status is unclear, quantitative viral levels are necessary to determine the infection status ** EXCEPTION: Participants with serologic findings suggestive of HBV vaccination (anti-HBs positivity as the only serologic marker) AND a known history of prior HBV vaccination do not need to be tested for HBV DNA by PCR * Active hepatitis C infection as measured by positive hepatitis C virus (HCV)-ribonucleic acid (RNA) testing. Participants with a history of HCV antibody positivity must undergo HCV-RNA testing. If a participant with history of chronic hepatitis C infection (defined as both HCV antibody and HCV RNA positive) completed antiviral therapy and has undetectable HCV-RNA 12 weeks following the completion of therapy, the participant is eligible for the study * Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with a forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) < 50% of predicted normal. Note that FEV1 testing is required for participants with known or suspected of having COPD or asthma, and participants must be excluded if FEV1 < 50% of predicted normal * Moderate or severe persistent asthma within the past 2 years or uncontrolled asthma of any classification ** Note that FEV1 testing is required for participants with known or suspected asthma, and participants must be excluded if FEV1 < 50% of predicted normal * Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) PCR testing is mandated within 5 days prior to enrollment. Exclusion if positive or suspected infection. Also, negative chest imaging needs to be confirmed prior to enrollment
• History of allergic reactions attributed to compounds of similar chemical or biologic composition to the experimental agents used in study
• Female patient refuses to discontinue breastfeeding her infant during study treatment or within 3 months after receiving the last dose of study treatment
• Participant plans to father a child while enrolled in this study or within 3 months after the last dose of study treatment
• Presence of the following cardiac conditions: * New York Heart Association stage III or IV congestive heart failure * Myocardial infarction or coronary artery bypass graft ≤ 6 months prior to study enrollment * History of clinically significant ventricular arrhythmia or unexplained syncope, not believed to be vasovagal in nature or due to dehydration * Uncontrolled cardiac arrhythmia or clinically significant electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities * Unstable or uncontrolled disease/condition related to or affecting cardiac function (eg, unstable angina)
• Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including but not limited to ongoing or active infection, venous thromboembolic disease, hemorrhage, pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonitis, active autoimmune disease or a documented history of autoimmune disease with the exception of vitiligo, type I diabetes, and prior autoimmune thyroiditis that is currently euthyroid based on clinical symptoms and laboratory testing, or psychiatric illness/social situations within 2 weeks that would limit compliance with study requirements
• Active malignancy other than SMM requiring treatment in the past 3 years. Any other active malignancy within 3 years prior to enrollment, except for adequately treated basal cell or squamous cell skin cancer, carcinoma in situ, or stage 0/1 malignancy with minimal risk of recurrence per investigator
• Have any condition that, in the opinion of the Investigator, would compromise the well-being of the patient or the study or prevent the patient from meeting or performing study requirements. Participants with active, uncontrolled bacterial, fungal, or viral infection, including (but not limited to) HBV, HCV, SARS-CoV-2, and known HIV or AIDS-related illness. Comments regarding specific circumstances follow. Active infection must be resolved at least 21 days prior to enrollment. Patients treated with systemic anti-infective agents within 28 days prior to enrollment are not eligible. Prophylactic use of systemic agents is permitted
• Patients with impaired decision-making capacity will not be enrolled on this trial