A Surgical Procedure (Partial Pleurectomy and Decortication) for the Treatment of Borderline Resectable and Unresectable Pleural Mesothelioma

Inclusion Criteria

• Patients must have histologically confirmed epithelioid subtype pleural mesothelioma, as determined by surgical (i.e. video-assisted thoracic surgery [VATS]) biopsy
• Disease confined to the unilateral hemithorax
• Disease that is classified as unresectable or borderline resectable: * Unresectable disease is defined by cross sectional imaging (CT or MRI) demonstrating invasion of unresectable mediastinal structures (heart, great vessels, esophagus) or spine, unresectable invasion of the chest wall (multifocal chest wall invasion or apical chest wall invasion), or disease outside intended resection field * Borderline resectable disease is defined by cross sectional imaging (CT or MRI) demonstrating extensive pulmonary parenchymal invasion (anticipated need for anatomic resection or complex wedge resection to clear disease) or extensive/bulky disease of (1) the diaphragm or sulci (anticipated need for diaphragm resection and reconstruction to clear disease), or (2) the chest wall (anticipated need for chest wall resection and reconstruction to clear disease). Disease with pathologically proven hilar or mediastinal lymph node involvement
• Successful completion of at least 6 weeks of systemic induction therapy (regimen according to treating physician choice, including the below) with no unresolved adverse event that would preclude surgery: * Platinum agent, pemetrexed, +/- bevacizumab * Platinum agent, pemetrexed, pembrolizumab * Ipilimumab/nivolumab
• Age ≥ 18 years
• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≤ 1
• Leukocytes ≥ 3,000/mcL
• Absolute neutrophil count ≥ 1,500/mcL
• Platelets ≥ 100,000/mcL
• Prothrombin time (PT)/international normalized ratio (INR) > 1.5
• Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) > upper limit of normal
• Total bilirubin within normal institutional limits
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [SGOT])/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) (serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase [SGPT]) ≤ 2.5 × institutional upper limit of normal
• Creatinine within normal institutional limits OR creatinine clearance ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m^2 for patients with creatinine levels above institutional normal
• Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients on effective anti-retroviral therapy with undetectable viral load within 6 months are eligible for this trial
• For patients with evidence of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, the HBV viral load must be undetectable on suppressive therapy, if indicated
• Patients with a history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection must have been treated and cured. For patients with HCV infection who are currently on treatment, they are eligible if they have an undetectable HCV viral load
• Patients with known history or current symptoms of cardiac disease, or history of treatment with cardiotoxic agents, should have a clinical risk assessment of cardiac function using the New York Heart Association Functional Classification. To be eligible for this trial, patients should be class 2B or better
• Review by multidisciplinary treatment conference consisting of mesothelioma surgeons, radiologists, pathologists, medical oncologists, and palliative care physicians. Date of review will be documented in on the patient’s eligibility checklist
• Prior or concurrent enrollment to University of Chicago's (UChicago’s) Mesothelioma Biobank (IRB15-0443)
• Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document

Exclusion Criteria

• Patients with biphasic or sarcomatoid pleural mesothelioma
• Patients with metastatic disease or disease which extends to the abdominal cavity or subdiaphragm as identified on post-induction therapy cross sectional imaging (CT, MRI, or PET)
• Patients who demonstrate disease progression during or following induction therapy
• Forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) < 50% and/or postoperative predicted diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) < 50%
• Patients who are receiving any other investigational agents
• Patients with uncontrolled intercurrent illness
• Prior malignancy active 2 years prior to registration except for locally curable cancers that have been apparently cured, such as basal or squamous cell skin cancer, superficial bladder cancer, or carcinoma in situ of the prostate, cervix, or breast, or papillary thyroid