Duffy Null-Specific Dose Modifications for the Treatment of Duffy Null Phenotype Multiple Myeloma and Stage II and III Triple Negative Breast Cancer

Inclusion Criteria

• SCREENING: Diagnosis of either: * Multiple myeloma (MM) based on International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) criteria, and currently requires treatment * American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8 anatomic tumor clinical stage II or III, histologically confirmed estrogen receptor (ER)-negative, progesterone receptor (PR)-negative, and HER2-negative breast cancer (triple-negative breast cancer [TNBC]). ER-negative is defined as ER < 10%, PR-negative as PR < 10%, and HER2-negative as per 2020 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) College of American Pathologists (CAP) guidelines
• SCREENING: Plan for treatment with, or currently receiving their first cycle of: * Dara-RVD (for MM) * Keynote 522 or a neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen that begins with carboplatin, paclitaxel, and pembrolizumab (for TNBC) ** Patients who are not be planned to receive the pembrolizumab, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide portion of Keynote 522 are eligible as long as they are planned to receive the carboplatin, paclitaxel, and pembrolizumab
• SCREENING: Pre-treatment absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≤ 3500 cells/mm^3 (3.5 x 10^9/L). If growth factor has been used in the last 14 days, there is no upper limit ** ANC within 90 days prior to the date of screening is acceptable. Any one ANC measured at ≤ 3500 cells/mm^3 by a local laboratory is sufficient for screening eligibility, even if other ANC are > 3500 cells/mm^3 within this timeframe. ANC 3500 cells/mm^3 is the intersection boundary of the DN and Duffy non-null ANC distributions, maximizing inclusion of DN individuals and minimizing inclusion of Duffy non-null individuals OR * Self-identified Black race OR * Self-reported African and/or Middle Eastern ancestry OR * Known Duffy null phenotype
• Diagnosis of: * Cohort 1: MM, based on IMWG criteria, and currently requires treatment * Cohort 2: Stage II or III TNBC
• Plan for treatment, per their treating physician, or currently receiving their first cycle of: * Cohort 1: Dara-RVd for MM * Cohort 2: A Keynote 522-based regimen of carboplatin, paclitaxel, and pembrolizumab given as the first phase of neoadjuvant treatment for TNBC ** Participants are eligible even if the duration of carboplatin and paclitaxel goes beyond 4 cycles, or if the use of pembrolizumab, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide is not planned or is not certain, as long as neoadjuvant treatment starts with carboplatin-paclitaxel-pembrolizumab. This cohort will be referred to as "Keynote 522" for the remainder of the protocol
• Confirmed Duffy null phenotype * Previous testing is acceptable if performed by a Clinical Laboratory Improvement Act (CLIA)-approved test ** Those that test Duffy non-null will be eligible only for the observational non-interventional cohort
• Age ≥ 18 years old
• CORRELATIVE STUDIES SURVEY 1: Meeting screening criteria
• CORRELATIVE STUDIES SURVEY 1: Participated in a discussion about trial participation
• CORRELATIVE STUDIES SURVEY 1: English, Spanish, or Haitian Creole speaking
• CORRELATIVE STUDIES SURVEY 2: Enrolled onto interventional clinical trial
• CORRELATIVE STUDIES SURVEY 2: English, Spanish, or Haitian Creole speaking
• OBSERVATIONAL STUDY: Meeting screening criteria
• OBSERVATIONAL STUDY: Having Duffy non-null phenotype. These individuals ARE NOT eligible for interventional clinical trial but ARE eligible for the observational correlative study

Exclusion Criteria

• Inability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent document
• ANC ≤ 500 within 7 days of planned start of cycle 1 day 1
• Participants who have started treatment at the time of enrollment cannot have started cycle 2 of therapy
• Participants in Cohort 2 (TNBC) cannot have received any of the pembrolizumab, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide portion of therapy
• Participants receiving any other investigational agents for any indication
• Another known condition or medicine with known impacts on neutrophil counts or neutrophil function * AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE: Addison’s disease, Graves’ disease, Hashimoto thyroiditis, myasthenia gravis, Sjogren’s syndrome, pernicious anemia, autoimmune vasculitis, celiac disease, autoimmune hepatitis, vitiligo, immune thrombocytopenia, dermatomyositis * IMMUNODEFICIENCY: History of any primary immunodeficiency including chronic granulomatous disease, common variable immunodeficiency, Chediak-Higashi syndrome, cyclic neutropenia, leukocyte adhesion defects, or congenital neutropenia * INFECTIOUS: History of hepatitis C infection, hepatitis B infection, HIV * MALIGNANCY: History of malignant neoplasm or hematological cancer requiring systemic anticancer treatment * TRANSPLANT: History of receiving organ transplant or skin graft including history of allogenic or autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplant MEDICATION: Use of carbimazole, clozapine, dapsone, dipyrone, methimazole, penicillin G, procainamide, propylthiouracil, rituximab, sulfasalazine, ticlopidine, hydroxychloroquine, infliximab, lamotrigine, oxacillin, quinine, infliximab within the 14 days prior to planned cycle 1 day 1
• Infection requiring systemic antimicrobial therapy or other serious infection within 14 days before the planned start of trial-based treatment. Those receiving antimicrobials to complete treatment for a prior infection AND have resolution of active infection ≥ 14 days prior to therapy, as determined by per the treating physician, are eligible. Antimicrobials for prophylaxis, including trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, are not an exclusion criterion
• Any medical or psychiatric illness/social situation that in the investigator’s opinion, would impose excessive risk to the participant, would adversely affect their participating in this study, or would limit their ability to comply with study requirements