Atezolizumab and Tiragolumab in Treating Patients with Non-metastatic Bladder Cancer

Inclusion Criteria

• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status 0, 1
• Histologically documented transitional cell carcinoma with the presence of any of the following stages: grade cT2-T4a, considered appropriate for radical cystectomy; subjects with mixed histology are required to have a dominant transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) pattern
• Patients not suitable for neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy as determined by the following: * Creatinine clearance less than 60ml/min. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) should be assessed by calculation from serum/plasma creatinine (Cockcroft-Gault formula) * CTCAE grade (Gr) >= 2 hearing loss * CTCAE Gr >= 2 neuropathy
• Subjects with MIBC not meeting the above criteria are still eligible provided the patient declines neoadjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy, after specific informed consent describing the known benefits of cisplatin-based chemotherapy. The reason for declining must be documented
• White blood cell count (WBC) > 2500 cells/mm^3
• Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) > 1500 cells/mm^3
• Hemoglobin > 9 g/dL; patients may be transfused or receive erythropoietic treatment to meet this criterion
• Platelet count > 100,000 cells/mm^3
• Serum creatinine < 2 mg/dL OR calculated creatinine clearance (CrCl) > 30 ml/min
• Serum bilirubin < 1.5 x upper limit of normal (ULN) (except for patients with documented Gilbert’s disease)
• Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) < 2.5 x ULN
• Ability to understand and willingness to sign a written informed consent
• Have available evaluable archival tumor tissue for PD-L1 biomarker assessment; presence of PD-L1 antigen on tumors is NOT required for study entry
• The effects of atezolizumab or tiragolumab on the developing human fetus are unknown. For this reason women of child-bearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception prior to study entry, during study participation, and for 5 months after study treatment discontinuation. Should a woman become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while she or her partner is participating in this study, she should inform her treating physician immediately. Men treated or enrolled on this protocol must also agree to use adequate contraception prior to the study, for the duration of study participation, and for 90 days after completion of study drug administration

Exclusion Criteria

• Subjects with primary TCC of the ureter, urethra, or renal pelvis without TCC of the bladder are not allowed
• Known distant metastatic disease (e.g. pulmonary or hepatic metastases) * Subjects with malignant lymphadenopathy in the abdomen or pelvis considered appropriate for radical cystectomy and lymphadnectomy with the goal of complete resection of all malignant disease are allowed
• Intravesical chemo- or biologic therapy within 6 weeks of first treatment
• Prior systemic chemotherapy or radiation therapy for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder * Subjects who have received prior intravesical chemotherapy are allowed
• Prior treatment with CD137 agonists or immune checkpoint blockade therapies, including anti CTLA-4, anti-PD1 and anti-PD-L1 therapeutic antibodies
• History of autoimmune disease, including but not limited to myasthenia gravis, myositis, autoimmune hepatitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, vascular thrombosis associated with antiphospholipid syndrome, Wegener’s granulomatosis, Sjogren’s syndrome, Guillain-Barre syndrome, multiple sclerosis, vacuities, or glomerulonephritis * Patients with a history of autoimmune-related hypothyroidism on a stable dose of thyroid replacement hormone are eligible for this study * Patients with controlled type I diabetes mellitus on a stable dose of insulin regimen are eligible for this study
• History of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, organizing pneumonia (e.g., bronchiolitis obliterans), drug-induced pneumonitis, idiopathic pneumonitis, or evidence of active pneumonitis on screening chest computed tomography (CT) scan * History of radiation pneumonitis in the radiation field (fibrosis) is permitted
• Chronic liver disease
• Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or active hepatitis B virus (HBV; chronic or acute; defined as having a positive hepatitis B surface antigen [Bag] test at screening) or active hepatitis C * Patients with past HBV infection or resolved HBV infection (defined as the presence of hepatitis B core antibody [HBc Ab] and absence of hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg]) are eligible; HBV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) must be obtained in these patients prior to cycle 1, day 1, but detection of HBV DNA in these patients will not exclude study participation * Patients positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody are eligible only if polymerase chain reaction is negative for HCV ribonucleic acid (RNA)
• Active tuberculosis
• Positive Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) viral capsid antigen IgM test at screening * An EBV polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test should be performed as clinically indicated to screen for acute infection or suspected chronic active infection. Patients with a positive EBV PCR test are excluded
• Severe infections within 4 weeks prior to cycle 1, day 1, including but not limited to hospitalization for complications of infection, bacteremia, or severe pneumonia
• Prior allogeneic stem cell or solid organ transplant
• Administration of a live, attenuated vaccine within 4 weeks before cycle 1, day 1 or anticipation that such a live attenuated vaccine will be required during the study; inactivated vaccines (such as hepatitis A or polio vaccines) are permitted during the study * Influenza vaccination should be given during influenza season only (approximately October to March); patients must no receive live attenuated influenza vaccine (e.g., FluMist) within 4 weeks prior to cycle 1, day 1 and for at least 12 weeks after the last dose
• Clinically significant active infection or uncontrolled medical condition based on the discretion of the treating physician
• Uncontrolled cystitis, significant bladder pain or spasms, or gross hematuria that in the opinion of the treating investigator, should preclude study entry
• Significant cardiovascular disease, such as New York Heart Association cardiac disease (class II or greater), myocardial infarction within the previous 3 months, unstable arrhythmias, or unstable angina * Patients with known coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure not meeting the above criteria, or left ventricular ejection fraction < 50% must be on a stable medical regimen that is optimized in the opinion of the treating physician, in consultation with a cardiologist if appropriate
• Major surgical procedure other than for diagnosis within 28 days prior to cycle 1, day 1 or anticipation of need for a major surgical procedure other than cystectomy during the course of the study
• Treatment with systemic corticosteroids or other systemic immunosuppressive medications (including but not limited to prednisone, dexamethasone, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, methotrexate, thalidomide, and anti-tumor necrosis factor [anti-TNF] agents) within 2 weeks prior to cycle 1, day 1, or anticipated requirement for systemic immunosuppressive medications during the trial * Patients who have received acute, low-dose, systemic immunosuppressant medications (e.g., a one-time dose of dexamethasone for nausea) may be enrolled in the study after discussion with and approval by the study chair * The use of inhaled corticosteroids and mineralocorticoids (e.g., fludrocortisone for adrenal insufficiency) is allowed
• Pregnant or nursing women are excluded
• Known hypersensitivity to Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell products or any component of the MPDL3280A formulation
• History of severe allergic, anaphylactic, or other hypersensitivity reactions to chimeric or humanized antibodies or fusion proteins
• Malignancies other than urothelial cancer (UC) within 5 years prior to cycle 1, day 1, with the exception of those with a low risk of metastasis or death treated with expected curative outcome (such as, but not limited to, adequately treated carcinoma in situ of the cervix, basal or squamous cell skin cancer, localized prostate cancer treated with curative intent and absence of PSA relapse, or ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast treated surgically with curative intent) or incidental prostate cancer (T1a, Gleason score =< 6 and PSA < 0.5 ng/mL)