heat-killed bacterium Mycobacterium obuense IMM-101

A suspension of heat-killed Mycobacterium (M.) obuense, a non-pathogenic and naturally-occurring bacterium, with potential immunomodulating and antineoplastic activities. Upon intradermal administration of heat-killed M. obuense IMM-101, the bacteria are able to activate the innate and adaptive immune system. Specifically, IMM-101 activates immature dendritic cells (DCs), which leads to the induction of a type-1 immune response (cDC1). This may induce a cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL)-mediated immune response against cancer cells. It also activates macrophages and natural killer cells (NKs), gamma delta T (gdT) cells, and induces a type 1 T helper (Th1) cell immune response against cancer cells.