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theophylline

A natural alkaloid derivative of xanthine isolated from the plants Camellia sinensis and Coffea arabica. Theophylline appears to inhibit phosphodiesterase and prostaglandin production, regulate calcium flux and intracellular calcium distribution, and antagonize adenosine. Physiologically, this agent relaxes bronchial smooth muscle, produces vasodilation (except in cerebral vessels), stimulates the CNS, stimulates cardiac muscle, induces diuresis, and increases gastric acid secretion; it may also suppress inflammation and improve contractility of the diaphragm.
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Synonym:theophylline monohydrate
US brand name:Constant-T
Elixophyllin
LaBID
Respbid
Slo-bid
Slo-Phyllin
Somophyllin-CRT
Somophyllin-T
T-Phyl
Theo-24
Theobid Duracap
Theochron
Uniphyl
Chemical structure:1,3-dimethylxanthine monohydrate
3,7-dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione
3,7-dihydro-1,3-dimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione monohydrate
NSC code:2066
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