Leukemia Research Results and Study Updates
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Blinatumomab Boosts Chemotherapy as Initial Treatment for Some Kids with ALL
Following positive results from a clinical trial, the immunotherapy drug blinatumomab (Blincyto) is expected to become part of the standard initial treatment for many kids with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, the most common form of childhood cancer.
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Quizartinib Approval Adds New Treatment Option for AML, Including in Older Patients
Treatment options for people with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have expanded yet again. On July 20, FDA approved quizartinib (Vanflyta) combined with chemotherapy as a first-line treatment for AML with a specific change in the FLT3 gene.
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Blinatumomab Increases Survival for Infants with an Aggressive Type of ALL
Giving the drug blinatumomab (Blincyto) after standard chemotherapy substantially increased survival for infants with an aggressive form of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), a recent study showed. If confirmed in larger studies, the treatment may become standard therapy for infants with ALL caused by KMT2A rearrangements.
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Revumenib Shows Promise in Treating Advanced Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Treatment with revumenib caused complete remission in about one-third of participants in an early-phase clinical trial involving patients who’d had many prior treatments. Revumenib is part of a new class of targeted drugs known as menin inhibitors.
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Help Desk for Oncologists Treating People with a Rare Leukemia Pays Big Dividends
An NCI-funded clinical trial has shown that treatment-related early deaths in people with a rare leukemia can be dramatically reduced. How did they do it? In part, by establishing a help desk staffed by experts in treating APL.
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Zanubrutinib’s Approval Improves Targeted Treatment for CLL
FDA has approved zanubrutinib (Brukinsa) for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or small lymphocytic lymphoma (SLL) based on results from two clinical trials. In both trials, the drug, which blocks a protein called BTK, was more effective and caused fewer side effects than other treatments.
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Trial Suggests Expanded Role for Blinatumomab in Treating ALL
The immunotherapy drug blinatumomab (Blincyto) extends life for people with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who are in remission, even those with no signs of disease after initial treatment, a trial has found.
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Ivosidenib with Chemotherapy New Option for Some People with AML
For some people with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that has a mutation in the IDH1 gene, combining ivosidenib (Tibsovo) with the chemotherapy drug azacitidine may be a new treatment option, according to results from a large clinical trial.
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Can Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease Be Prevented?
Removing immune cells called naive T cells from donated stem cells before they are transplanted may prevent chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in people with leukemia, a new study reports. The procedure did not appear to increase the likelihood of patients’ cancer returning.
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Drug combination helps children with acute promyelocytic leukemia avoid conventional chemotherapy
A Children’s Oncology Group trial shows that the combination of all-trans retinoic acid and arsenic trioxide is highly effective in children with acute promyelocytic leukemia. The therapy avoids or minimizes the use of conventional chemotherapy.
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Tecartus Becomes First CAR T-Cell Therapy Approved for Adults with ALL
The CAR T-cell therapy Tecartus has become the first such treatment approved by FDA to treat adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The approval is for patients whose cancer has not responded to treatment or returned after treatment.
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FDA Approves Belumosudil to Treat Chronic Graft-Versus-Host Disease
FDA has approved belumosudil (Rezurock) for the treatment of chronic graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). The approval covers the use of belumosudil for people 12 years and older who have already tried at least two other therapies.
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FDA Approval of Rylaze Will Address Drug Shortage for Childhood ALL
FDA has approved a new form of asparaginase called Rylaze. The drug was developed to help alleviate shortages of Erwinia asparaginase, a key part of treatment for children and adults with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
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COVID-19 Vaccines May Be Less Effective in Some People with Cancer
People with blood cancers seem to be less protected by COVID-19 vaccines than those with other cancers and people without cancer, three new studies suggest. Experts believe this limited effectiveness is likely due to patients’ weakened immune systems.
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Whole-Genome Sequencing Could Help Guide AML Treatment
For people with acute myeloid leukemia and related cancers, a new study shows whole-genome sequencing could replace a series of conventional tests used to help guide decisions about treatment.
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Blinatumomab Improves Survival in Children with Relapsed Leukemia
The results of two trials establish blinatumomab (Blincyto) as a new standard treatment for children and young adults with high-risk relapsed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia after remission has been achieved and before a stem cell transplant.
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Stopping TKI Treatment Is Safe, Improves Quality of Life for Some with CML
For adults with CML who are in a sustained deep molecular remission, stopping treatment with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor is safe and improves their quality of life, a study shows. But researchers cautioned that these patients must be closely monitored.
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Rediscovered Drugs Hit Leukemia from Two Different Angles
Two rediscovered drugs, bisantrene and brequinar, slowed the growth of acute myeloid leukemia in studies of mice. The drugs blocked the activity of a protein called FTO, killing cancer stem cells and helping the immune system attack the cancer.
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Maintenance Therapy with CC-486 Extends Survival of Adults with AML
Maintenance therapy with CC-486 extended overall survival of adults with the blood cancer acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in a large clinical trial. CC-486 is a pill form of another cancer therapy called azacitidine (Vidaza).
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Immunotherapy drug improves outcomes for some children with relapsed leukemia
For children and young adults with certain relapsed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL), the immunotherapy drug blinatumomab is superior to standard chemotherapy, an NCI-sponsored Children’s Oncology Group trial shows.
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Gilteritinib Improves Survival in AML with FLT3 Mutations
People with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with FLT3 gene mutations treated with gilteritinib had improved survival, higher rates of remission, and fewer side effects than those treated with chemotherapy, a recent trial found.
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Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Can Skip Radiation to the Brain
Only 1.5% of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia who skipped radiation had a recurrence in the central nervous system, according to a recent trial. The therapy, which is intended to prevent such a recurrence, can have devastating side effects.
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Combination Therapy with Venetoclax Approved for Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
The Food and Drug Administration has approved venetoclax (Venclexta) in combination with obinutuzumab (Gazyva) for the initial treatment of adults with chronic lymphocytic leukemia or small lymphocytic lymphoma.
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Tagraxofusp Proves Effective for BPDCN, A Rare Blood Cancer
New findings from a clinical trial of the drug tagraxofusp confirm its efficacy against the rare blood cancer blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN).
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Treatment for Children with Leukemia Also Effective for Adolescents, Young Adults
A clinical trial found that an intensive treatment regimen developed specifically for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is also effective for older adolescents and young adults with the disease.
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FDA Approvals Bring New Options for Older Patients with AML
FDA has approved venetoclax (Venclexta) and glasdegib (Daurismo) for use in people with acute myeloid leukemia aged 75 and older and those with health conditions that prevent them from receiving the intensive chemotherapy regimen that is the standard initial treatment.
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Drug Combination May Target the Unique Metabolism of Leukemia Stem Cells
Two new studies show how the drugs venetoclax (Venclexta) and azacitidine (Vidaza) team up to block the unique metabolism of leukemia stem cells and may explain why the drug combination is effective against acute myeloid leukemia.
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Ibrutinib plus rituximab superior to standard treatment for some patients with chronic leukemia
A clinical trial showed that ibrutinib plus rituximab is superior to standard treatment for patients age 70 and younger with untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Findings were announced at the American Society of Hematology annual meeting.
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Moxetumomab Approved by FDA for Hairy Cell Leukemia
The FDA has approved moxetumomab pasudotox (Lumoxiti), a bacterial toxin–based drug, for the treatment of some patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL). Moxetumomab is approved to treat patients with HCL who have already undergone at least two lines of standard treatments.
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Targeted Drug Approved for Acute Myeloid Leukemia with IDH1 Gene Mutations
The FDA has approved ivosidenib (Tibsovo) for the treatment of adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) that has a specific mutation in a gene called IDH1. Ivosidenib becomes the first FDA-approved IDH1-targeted treatment.
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Approval Expanded for Venetoclax in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
FDA expanded the approval of venetoclax (Venclexta) for people with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) to include those whose cancer has progressed after previous treatment, regardless of whether their cancer cells have the deletion 17p gene alteration.
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Trial Produces Practice-Changing Findings for Some Children, Young Adults with Leukemia
This NCI-funded Children’s Oncology Group trial tested the addition of nelarabine (Arranon) to standard treatment for children and young adults with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL).
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Toxin-Based Drug Moxetumomab Pasudotox May Be New Option for Rare Leukemia
People diagnosed with hairy cell leukemia (HCL) may have an effective new treatment option, a type of drug called an immunotoxin. Read more about how this treatment, moxetumomab pasudotox, fared in a phase 3 clinical trial in patients with advanced HCL.
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Drug May Help Prevent Resistance to Toxin-Based Leukemia Therapy
A new study has identified a possible strategy for improving the efficacy of a toxin-based cancer treatment, moxetumomab pasudotox, in some patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
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TARGET Study Finds Major Differences between Childhood and Adult AML
An NCI-funded study has found significant differences in the genetics of acute myeloid leukemia in younger and older patients. The findings could help guide the development of treatments tailored specifically for childhood AML.
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Nilotinib Can Be Discontinued in Some Patients with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
On December 22, FDA approved an update to the label of nilotinib (Tasignia) that states that some patients with CML who are taking nilotinib and whose cancer has been in remission for an extended period can safely stop taking it.
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Drug Combination Improves Outlook for Some Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Interim results from an ongoing clinical trial show that patients with relapsed or refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia treated with rituximab plus venetoclax have longer progression-free survival compared with patients treated with chemotherapy.
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Unique Trial Aims to Decrease Early Deaths in Patients with Rare Leukemia
In a unique clinical trial, a group of oncologists with experience treating acute promyelocytic leukemia are making themselves available around the clock to help clinicians at hospitals across the country treat their APL patients.